Table 2.
Cross-validation of potential therapeutic agents targeting anti-growth signaling with other hallmarks of cancer.
| Phytochemical approaches for evasion of anti-growth signaling | EGCG | Luteolin | Curcumin | Genistein | Resveratrol | Curcumin | Withaferin A | Deguelin |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other cancer hallmarks | ||||||||
| Genomic instability | + [309] | + [310] | + [311, 312] | − [313] | + [314] | + [311, 312, 394] | 0 | 0 |
| Sustained proliferative signaling | + [395, 396] | + [397, 398] | + [399] | +/− [400, 401] | +/− [400, 401] | + [399] | 0 | + [402] |
| Tumor promoting inflammation | + [403–405] | + [406, 407] | + [408–410] | + [411, 412] | + [413, 414] | + [408–410] | + [415] | + [416–418] |
| Resistance to apoptosis | + [419] | + [420] | + [421] | + [422] | + [423] | + [424] | + [425] | + [426] |
| Replicative immortality | + [427–429] | 0 | 0 [430, 431] | + [432–434] | + [435, 436] | + [430, 431] | 0 | 0 |
| Dysregulated metabolism | 0 | + [242, 437, 438] | + [236, 439, 440] | 0 | 0 | 0 | + [441] | 0 |
| Immune system evasion | + [442] | 0 | + [443] | 0 | 0 | + [443] | 0 | 0 |
| Angiogenesis | + [444] | + [445] | + [446] | + [447] | + [448] | + [446] | + [449, 450] | + [451] |
| Invasion and metastasis | + [452, 453] | + [454] | + [455] | + [456, 457] | + [458, 459] | + [460] | + [449, 461] | + [462] |
| Interactions in the tumor microenvironment | + [463, 464] | + [465, 466] | + [467–469] | + [470] | + [471] | + [467–469] | 0 | + [472] |
Foot notes: “+” indicates complimentary; “−” contrary; “+/−” controversial and “0” no known relationship