Table 2.
Inflammatory parameters and body composition in DMD patients with different levels of muscle function.
| Vignos Scale A | Vignos Scale B | Vignos Scale C | |
|---|---|---|---|
| (1–5) | (6–8) | (9-10) | |
| n = 44 | n = 6 | n = 8 | |
| Age (years) | 8.04 ± 2.08a | 11.04 ± 3.49b | 13.43 ± 1.70b |
| IL-6 (pg/mL) | 2.99 (2.00, 9.01)a | 3.27 (2.00, 4.23)a | 2.46 (2.00, 4.37)a |
| IL-1 (pg/mL) | 6.18 (0.23, 28.30)a | 8.46 (7.76, 10.30)b | 1.44 (1.22, 2.82)c |
| TNF-α (pg/mL) | 11.24 ± 2.91a | 10.53 ± 1.86a,b | 8.71 ± 2.17b,c |
| Adiponectin (ng/mL) | 33.72 ± 20.40a | 51.83 ± 33.04a | 42.62 ± 15.19a |
| Leptin (ng/mL) | 7.59 ± 7.86a | 15.00 ± 6.66b | 23.10 ± 18.65b |
| CRP (mg/dL) | 0.72 (0.30, 7.44)a | 1.31 (0.30, 5.46)a | 3.94 (2.52, 6.96)b |
| CK (U/L) | 14332.14 ± 6382.63a | 6241.66 ± 3090.21b | 3987.50 ± 1818.74b,c |
| Body weight (kg) | 24.24 ± 7.99a | 35.50 ± 13.00b | 48.00 ± 18.10b |
| Height (m) | 1.20 ± 0.11a | 1.34 ± 0.16b | 1.52 ± 0.16b |
| Body fat mass (%) | 23.25 ± 11.09a | 41.88 ± 8.57b | 49.93 ± 6.88c |
| Lean body mass (kg) | 16.90 ± 3.70a | 18.78 ± 4.40a,b | 22.44 ± 6.15b |
| Body fat mass (kg) | 6.00 ± 4.74a | 14.80 ± 8.56b | 24.10 ± 11.91c |
DMD: Duchenne muscular dystrophy; IL-6: cytokine 6; IL-1: cytokine 1; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor; CRP: C-reactive protein; CK: creatine kinase.
The parameter of Vignos Scale was grouped according to Vignos scale A (0–5 points), Vignos Scale B (6–8 points), and Vignos Scale C (9-10 points).
Values are presented as mean ± SD.
Different superscript letters (a, b, and c) indicate statistical significance. P < 0.05 (ANOVA, comparison among Vignos Scale groups using Bonferroni post hoc test). Some columns show two letters indicative of statistical significance (no difference or difference with other groups).