3. Vector density: IRS versus no intervention.

Trial ID	Unit of randomization	Insecticide	Main vector	Measure (method)	Pre‐intervention		Post‐intervention		Effect measure (95% CI) or P value
					IRS	Control	IRS	Control
Chowdhury 2011 BGD	Cluster of 50 houses	Deltamethrin (20 mg/m²)	P. argentipes	Total sandflies (monthly collections from 40 houses using light traps).	633 (October 2006)	683 (October 2006)	8 (January 2007) 285 (March 2007)	54 (January 2007) 1219 (March 2007)	RR 0.38 (0.10 to 1.50) (Jan 2007) RR 0.28 (0.19 to 0.42) (Mar 2007) The benefit with IRS was no longer present at 12 months
Joshi 2009 ASIA	Hamlets or neighbourhoods	Deltamethrin ‐ BGD (20 mg/m²) DDT ‐ IND (1 g/m²) Alpha‐cypermethrin ‐ NPL (0.025 g/m²)	P. argentipes	Mean number of sandflies per house per night (light traps)	12.32 (date not stated)	9.41 (Date not stated)	6.14 (5 months post intervention)	12.15 (5 months post intervention)	Pre‐intervention P = 0.184 Post‐intervention P = 0.035
Kelly 1997 BRA	Chicken sheds	Lambdacyhalothrin (20 mg/m²)	Lu.longipalpis	Geometric mean sandflies (light traps)	1132.3* (October 1993)	404.6* (October 1993)	Not reported	Not reported	Pre‐intervention P < 0.001 The trial authors state "the abundance of Lu. longipalpis in sprayed sheds fell to approximately 10% of that expected, and remained so up to week 29".
Feliciangeli 2003 VEN	House	Lambdacyhalothrin (25 mg/m²)	Lu. ovallesi	Total sandflies over 79 days post‐intervention (daily catches using light traps)	Not reported	Not reported	2517	2472	The trial authors state "The estimated catches of males, females, and fed females were significantly lower in sprayed houses immediately after spraying". However, over time the density in the control group also decreased ‐ probably due to seasonality
				Proportion of blood fed females	Not reported	Not reported	0.8%	5.8%

Abbreviations: VEN = Venezuela; BRA = Brazil; BGD = Bangladesh; IRS = indoor residual spraying; RR = risk ratio).