Table 2.
Association of anthropometric indices and physical activity with prevalent heart disease in Golestan Cohort Study.
| Men | Women | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||||
| HD Cases^ No. (%) N=1264 |
Controls^ No. (%) N=19964 |
Unadjusted OR (95% CI) |
Adjusted OR* (95% CI) |
HD Cases^ No. (%) N=1786 |
Controls^ No. (%) N=27021 |
Unadjusted OR (95% CI) |
Adjusted OR* (95% CI) |
|
| BMI | ||||||||
| <18.5 (underweight) | 62 (4.9) | 1195 (95.1) | 0.98 (0.75 – 1.29) | 0.91 (0.68 – 1.20) | 70 (6.1) | 1083 (93.9) | 1.37 (1.05 – 1.78) | 1.36 (1.03 – 1.78) |
| 18.5 to 24.9 (normal) | 480 (5.0) | 9132 (95.0) | Reference | Reference | 375 (4.5) | 7941 (95.5) | Reference | Reference |
| 25 to 29.9 (overweight) | 493 (6.8) | 6778 (93.2) | 1.38 (1.21 – 1.58) | 1.30 (1.13 – 1.49) | 606 (6.2) | 9095 (93.8) | 1.41 (1.24 – 1.61) | 1.32 (1.15 – 1.52) |
| ≥30 (obese) | 229 (7.4) | 2859 (92.6) | 1.52 (1.29 –
1.79) P trend: <0.001 |
1.37 (1.15 –
1.64) P trend: <0.001 |
736 (7.6) | 8901 (92.4) | 1.75 (1.54 –
1.99) P trend: <0.001 |
1.60 (1.40 –
1.84) P trend: <0.001 |
| Waist Circumference Quintiles (men; women) | ||||||||
| Q1 (<92.0cm; <92.0cm) | 191 (4.6) | 3928 (95.4) | Reference | Reference | 304 (5.5) | 5257 (94.5) | Reference | Reference |
| Q2 (92.0 – 95.9; 92.0 – 96.9cm) | 178 (4.8) | 3523 (95.2) | 1.04 (0.84 – 1.28) | 1.03 (0.83 – 1.27) | 291 (5.5) | 4977 (94.5) | 1.01 (0.86 – 1.19) | 1.06 (0.89 – 1.26) |
| Q3 (96.0 – 99.9; 97.0 – 101.9cm) | 245 (6.1) | 3793 (93.9) | 1.33 (1.09 – 1.61) | 1.34 (1.09 – 1.66) | 360 (6.0) | 5619 (94.0) | 1.11 (0.95 – 1.30) | 1.22 (1.04 – 1.44) |
| Q4 (100.0 – 104.9; 102.0 – 107.9cm) | 323 (6.7) | 4527 (93.3) | 1.47 (1.22 – 1.76) | 1.50 (1.23 – 1.83) | 375 (6.5) | 5365 (93.5) | 1.21 (1.03 – 1.41) | 1.37 (1.16 – 1.62) |
| Q5 (≥105.0cm; ≥108.0cm) | 325 (7.2) | 4185 (92.8) | 1.60 (1.32 –
1.92) P trend: <0.001 |
1.59 (1.30 –
1.95) P trend: <0.001 |
456 (7.3) | 5797 (92.7) | 1.36 (1.17 –
1.58) P trend: <0.001 |
1.48 (1.25 –
1.74) P trend: <0.001 |
| Waist to Hip Ratio Quintiles (men and women) | ||||||||
| Q1 (<0.88) | 156 (3.7) | 4051 (96.3) | Reference | Reference | 203 (3.7) | 5350 (96.3) | Reference | Reference |
| Q2 (0.88 – 0.93) | 190 (4.7) | 3859 (95.3) | 1.28 (1.03 – 1.59) | 1.20 (0.96 – 1.49) | 264 (4.6) | 5511 (95.4) | 1.26 (1.05 – 1.52) | 1.04 (0.86 – 1.27) |
| Q3 (0.94 – 0.97) | 242 (5.6) | 4118 (94.4) | 1.53 (1.24 – 1.87) | 1.31 (1.06 – 1.62) | 337 (6.0) | 5268 (94.0) | 1.68 (1.41 – 2.01) | 1.22 (1.02 – 1.47) |
| Q4 (0.98 – 1.02) | 309 (7.3) | 3910 (92.7) | 2.05 (1.68 – 2.50) | 1.61 (1.31 – 1.99) | 428 (7.3) | 5426 (92.7) | 2.08 (1.75 – 2.47) | 1.33 (1.11 – 1.59) |
| Q5 (>1.02) | 364 (8.3) | 4017 (91.7) | 2.35 (1.94 –
2.85) P trend: <0.001 |
1.55 (1.26 –
1.90) P trend: <0.001 |
554 (9.2) | 5456 (90.8) | 2.68 (2.27 –
3.16) P trend: <0.001 |
1.41 (1.18 –
1.68) P trend: <0.001 |
| Physical Activity a | ||||||||
| Irregular non-intense | 695 (9.2) | 6840 (90.8) | Reference | Reference | 1503 (6.5) | 21609 (93.5) | Reference | Reference |
| Regular non-intense | 413 (4.6) | 8664 (95.4) | 0.47 (0.41 – 0.53) | 0.59 (0.52 – 0.68) | 241 (5.4) | 4128 (94.6) | 0.82 (0.71 – 0.94) | 0.82 (0.70 – 0.96) |
| Irregular or regular intense | 153 (3.3) | 4429 (96.7) | 0.34 (0.28 –
0.41) P trend: <0.001 |
0.49 (0.41 –
0.60) P trend: <0.001 |
39 (3.5) | 1074 (96.5) | 0.52 (0.38 –
0.72) P trend: <0.001 |
0.72 (0.52 –
1.01) P trend: 0.002 |
^
Numbers may not add up to the total numbers due to missing data in some variables.
*
Adjusted for age, ethnicity, place of residence, education level, economic status, cigarette smoking, physical activity, hypertension, and self-reported diabetes.
a
Adjusted results were additionally adjusted for current BMI.