TABLE 3.
Examples of dihomo-γ-linolenic acid–derived oxylipin functions1
| Dihomo-γ-linolenic acid–derived oxylipin functions | |
| COX oxylipins | |
| PGD1 | Activates proinflammatory receptor chemoattractant receptor homologous molecule expressed on T helper type 2 cells/D prostanoid receptor in human kidney cells (compared to PGE1) (262) |
| Inhibits human platelet aggregation, but is 1% as potent as PGD2 or PGD3 (119) | |
| PGE1 | Does not activate proinflammatory receptor CRTH2/DP2 in human kidney cells (compared to PGD1) (262) |
| Reduces healing time of lower limb ulcers in human patients (263) | |
| Alleviates neurologic deteriorations of diabetic rats (264) | |
| Vasodilates rat coronary and systemic circulation (265) | |
| Stimulates peripheral blood flow in humans with peripheral arterial disease (266) | |
| Reduces pulmonary hypertension in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (267) | |
| Inhibits human platelet aggregation (120, 268) | |
| 13,14-dihydro-PGE1 | Inhibits human platelet aggregation with similar potency to PGE1 (268) |
| LOX oxylipins | |
| 12-HETrE | Enhances delayed-type hypersensitivity in guinea pig model (269) |
| Inhibits human platelet aggregation (270) | |
| 15-HETrE | Inhibits epidermal hyperproliferation in guinea pig skin (67, 271) |
| Inhibits formation of proinflammatory LtB4 in human neutrophils (70) | |
| Inhibits cellular growth and AA metabolism in human prostatic adenocarcinoma cells (272) | |
1
AA, arachidonic acid; COX, cyclooxygenase; HETrE, hydroxy-eicosatrienoic acid; LOX, lipoxygenase; Lt, leukotriene.