TABLE 2.
Studies examining the effect of caloric restriction on objectively measured habitual PA1
| Reference | Population | Study design | Intervention | Outcome measure | Compensation |
| Bonomi et al. (83) | 66 Overweight/obese adults (age: 51 ± 12 y; BMI: 38 ± 7) | Observation (pre-post) | 12 wk of 67% caloric restriction | DLW, accelerometry | Increased PA after 2 wk of maintenance |
| Camps et al. (76) | 51 Healthy adults (age: 42 ± 8; BMI: 31 ± 3) | Observation (pre-post) | 8 wk very low energy diet (Modifast Nutrition et Sante Benelux; 500 kcal/d) | DLW, accelerometry | Yes (restored after weight loss) |
| Martin et al. (77) and Redman et al. (79) | 48 Overweight adults (age: 37 ± 1 y; BMI: 28 ± 1) | RCT | 6 mo of 25% caloric restriction or 890 kcal/d | DLW, sleep EE-PAL | Yes |
| Martin et al. (78) | 105 Adults (mean age: 41 y; BMI: 28 ± 2) | RCT | Up to 12 mo of 10–30% caloric restriction | DLW, accelerometry | Yes |
| Velthuis-te-Wierik et al. (80) | 24 Healthy men (age: 43 ± 5; BMI: 25 ± 2) | Observation (pre-post) | 10 wk of caloric restriction (80% of TDEE) | DLW, RMR (PAL) | No; trend for decrease (P = 0.066) |
1
DLW, doubly labeled water; EE, energy expenditure; PA, physical activity; PAL, physical activity level; pre-post, comparison of pre-intervention PA to post-intervention PA; RCT, randomized controlled trial; RMR, resting metabolic rate; TDEE, total daily energy expenditure.