Figure 5. Inhibitory effects of CA on granule secretion, P-selectin expression, ATP release, and Ca²⁺ mobilization in ADP stimulated platelets.

Platelets were preincubated with or without CA in the presence of CaCl₂ (1 mM) at 37 °C for 20 min. The cells were then incubated with ADP (20 μM) for 20 min before P-selectin expression (A,B), ATP release (C), and Ca²⁺ levels (D) were analyzed. (A) A typical flow cytometry result showing P-selectin expression in different conditions. (B) A quantitative assessment of P-selectin expression in different conditions with data from at least four independent experiments. (C) A quantitative assessment of ATP release in different conditions. (D) A quantitative assessment of intracellular calcium mobilization in different conditions. Data are expressed as means ± SEM (n = 10). *p < 0.05 vs control group, ^#p < 0.05 vs ADP group.