Table 5.
Sand fly species | Vaccine candidate | Protect against | Nature of protective immune response | Model | Family of the protein or protein | Function |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
P. papatasi | PpSP15 | L. major (Valenzuela et al., 2001a; Oliveira et al., 2008) | Th1, DTH | Mice | OBP/SL1 | Inhibitor of contact activation |
Lu. longipalpis | Maxadilan | L. major (Morris et al., 2001) | Th1, Humoral immune response | Mice | Maxadilan | Vasodilatator |
Lu. longipalpis | LJM19 | L. infantum chagasi, L. braziliensis (Regis et al., 2008 ; Tavares et al., 2011 ) | Th1 | Hamsters | ||
Lu. longipalpis | LJM11 | L. major (Xu et al., 2011; Regis et al., 2012a) | Th1, DTH | Mice | Yellow | Serotonin binding |
Lu. intermedia | Linb-11 | L. brazileinsis (DeMoura et al., 2013) | Th1 | Mice | ||
Lu. longipalpis | LJM17 | L. infantum chagasi (Collin et al., 2009) | Th1, DTH, IgG2 | Dogs | Yellow | Serotonin binding |
Lu. longipalpis | LJL143 | L. infantum chagasi (Collin et al., 2009) | Th1, DTH, IgG2 | Dogs | Lufaxin | Anti-coagulant |
L., Leishmania; Th1, T helper type 1 immune response; DTH, delayed-type hypersensitivity; IgG2, Immunoglobulin G class 2.