Table I.
Characteristics of end-stage renal disease patients with and without sickle cell disease as the primary cause of renal failure, starting haemodialysis during the period 1June 1, 2005, to 31 May, 2009, N = 442 017.
| SCD–ESRD |
Non-SCD–ESRD |
OR (95% CI)* |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All |
Black or African American |
White |
SCD–ESRD versus non-SCD–ESRD |
||||
| Characteristic | n | % | n | % | n | % | |
| 410 | 0·1 | 127 270 | 28·8 | 314 337 | 71·1 | ||
| Demographic characteristics | |||||||
| Age (years) | |||||||
| <65 | 396 | 96·6 | 82 138 | 64·5 | 145 829 | 46·4 | – |
| ≥65 | 14 | 3·4 | 45 114 | 35·5 | 168 469 | 53·6 | 0·06 (0·03–0·11) |
| Sex | |||||||
| Male | 219 | 53·4 | 65 710 | 51·6 | 182 100 | 57·9 | 0·85 (0·71–1·02) |
| Female | 191 | 46·6 | 61 560 | 48·4 | 132 237 | 42·1 | – |
| Race as shown on Form CMS-2728 | |||||||
| Black or African American | 400 | 97·6 | 127 270 | 100·0 | – | – | 81·51 (35·61–186·55) |
| White | 10 | 2·4 | – | – | 314 337 | 100·0 | |
| Comorbid conditions | |||||||
| DM | 18 | 4·4 | 58 546 | 46·0 | 148 264 | 47·2 | 0·08 (0·05–0·12) |
| CHF | 104 | 25·4 | 37 726 | 29·6 | 106 669 | 33·9 | 1·72 (1·39–2·13) |
| ASHD | 14 | 3·4 | 17 741 | 13·9 | 76 884 | 24·5 | 0·42 (0·21–0·85) |
| CVA | 33 | 8·1 | 12 710 | 10·0 | 29 353 | 9·3 | 1·39 (1·16–1·65) |
| PVD | 15 | 3·7 | 12 887 | 10·1 | 49 958 | 15·9 | 0·83 (0·48–1·43) |
| HxHT | 295 | 72·0 | 112 079 | 88·1 | 259 400 | 82·5 | 0·50 (0·41–0·60) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | |||||||
| <25 | 302 | 74·2 | 43 545 | 34·4 | 116 073 | 37·2 | – |
| ≥25 | 105 | 25·8 | 82 943 | 65·6 | 196 294 | 62·8 | 0·21 (0·18–0·26) |
| Amputation | 1 | 0·2 | 4004 | 3·2 | 10 091 | 3·2 | 0·19 (0·02–1·44) |
| Unable to ambulate | 9 | 2·2 | 8280 | 6·5 | 22 163 | 7·1 | 0·60 (0·30–1·19) |
| Needs assistance | 26 | 6·3 | 12 989 | 10·2 | 36 428 | 11·6 | −1·19 (0·87–1·64) |
| Institutionalized | 12 | 2·9 | 9096 | 7·2 | 25 092 | 8·0 | 0·63 (0·34–1·18) |
| Unemployment | 172 | 42·0 | 33 180 | 26·1 | 47 878 | 15·2 | 1·40 (1·05–1·87) |
| No health insurance | 23 | 5·6 | 14 082 | 11·1 | 18 947 | 6·0 | 0·23 (0·17–0·31) |
SCD, sickle cell disease; ESRD, end-stage renal disease; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; DM, diabetics mellitus; CHF, congestive heart failure; ASHD, atherosclerotic heart disease; CVA, cerebrovascular disease; PVD, peripheral vascular disease; HxHT, history of hypertension; BMI, body mass index.
OR adjusted for age category, sex, race (‘Black or African American’ versus ‘White’), DM, CHF, ASHD, CVA, PVD, HxHT, BMI, amputation, unable to ambulate, needs assistance, institutionalized, unemployed, no health insurance, and End Stage Renal Disease Network.