Table 5.
Age-standardized prevalence (95% CI) of CKD in adult participants in NHANES 2009–2010 who had repeat ACR measurements (n = 5247).a
| Variable | CKD based on random ACR |
CKD based on first morning ACR |
CKD based on confirmed increased ACR |
|---|---|---|---|
| All | 15.2 (13.3–17.1) | 12.7 (11.0–14.3) | 11.6 (9.9–13.3) |
| Age 20–49 years | 8.7 (7.1–10.3) | 6.7 (5.1–8.4) | 5.6 (4.0–7.3) |
| Age ≥50 years | 24.0 (21.4–26.7) | 20.8 (18.8–22.9) | 19.6 (17.5–21.8) |
| Male | 13.2 (11.3–15.1) | 11.0 (9.1–12.9) | 10.4 (8.4–12.5) |
| Female | 17.0 (14.6–19.4) | 14.3 (12.3–16.0) | 12.6 (10.9–14.4) |
| Hispanic | 16.3 (13.3–19.3) | 11.9 (9.8–14.1) | 11.1 (8.8–12.5) |
| Non-Hispanic white | 13.9 (11.7–16.1) | 11.6 (9.9–13.4) | 10.7 (8.9–12.5) |
| Non-Hispanic black | 21.1 (18.1–24.1) | 18.1 (15.5–20.7) | 16.4 (14.3–18.6) |
| Diabetesb | 29.6 (22.7–36.5) | 23.4 (17.2–29.6) | 22.7 (16.5–28.8) |
| No diabetes | 13.5 (11.7–15.2) | 11.28 (9.9–12.1) | 10.2 (8.8–11.7) |
| Hypertensionc | 20.1 (16.5–23.6) | 16.51 (13.1–19.9) | 15.79 (12.5–19.1) |
| No hypertension | 11.19 (8.9–13.4) | 9.27 (7.17–11.5) | 8.02 (5.9–10.2) |
CKD was defined by eGFR <60 mL · min−1 · (1.73 m2)−1 (MDRD equation), ACR ≥30 mg/g in the random sample only, ACR ≥30 mg/g in the first morning sample, or confirmed increased ACR in both samples. Results are age standardized to the 2000 US Census standard population using the following age groups and corresponding weights (20–44 years, 0.511356; 45–64 years, 0.311417; ≥65 years, 0.177227), except for age-group estimates.
Diagnosed by self-report of diagnosis.
Defined by self-report of diagnosis, self-reported anti-hypertensive treatment, or measured systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg.