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. 2015 Sep 1;8:415–426. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S63089

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© 2015 Palimeri et al. This work is published by Dove Medical Press Limited, and licensed under Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License

The full terms of the License are available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed.

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Chemical structure of some advanced glycation end products (AGEs): crossline, 2-(2-furoyl)-4(5)-(2-furanyl)-1H-imidazole (FFI), glyoxal-lysine dimer (GOLD), methylglyoxal-lysine dimer (MOLD), pentosidine, N3-(carboxyethyl)lysine (CEL), N-carboxymethyl lysine (CML), and pyrraline.