Table 4.
Gender | Female (57%), male (43%) |
---|---|
Pain areas (in order of frequency) | Neck and back (26.3%) Head, jaw, ear, and face (21.5%) Leg, knee, and feet (14.8%) Arm, elbow, and hand (10.5%) Shoulder, chest, abdomen (9.9%) Pelvic area and hip (6.6%) No pain at all (10.5%) |
Severity of worst pain | Mean pain severity of 8.2 of 10 (SD:2.3) Mean interference score was 7.1 of 10 (SD:2.9) Mean frequency of pain was 14 days of 30 days (SD:11.3) Duration was in hours (category scale of Minutes (1), Hours (2), Days (3), Constant (4) mean of 2.8 with SD of 1.1) |
Previous care for pain condition | Visits to health professionals in the past year (mean 9.2; SD:15.9) Visits to emergency rooms in the past year (mean 0.4; SD:1.5) Days in the hospital in the past year due to pain (mean 0.4;SD:2.0) Surgeries have you had for the pain (mean 0.4; SD:1.5) |
Onset event for pain | Nothing, pain just came on (42.7%) Sports injury (12.1%) Stressful situation (8.4%) Home injury (4.7%) Illness (4.4%) Work injury (4.4%) Motor vehicle accident (3.6%) After treatment/surgery (1.8%) After dental care (0.9%) After medication (0.3%), Other (16.4%) |
Self-care strategies used to reduce pain(in order of frequency) | Stretching exercise, eg, yoga (47.0%) Lying down (45.0%) Hot or cold applications (44.7%) Staying positive in the present moment (44.6%) Maintaining balanced relaxed posture (44.0%) Taking breaks during day (43.3%) Distracting self from the pain (43.0%) Going to sleep (37.8%) Deep breathing (37.3%) Massaging trigger points/muscle knots (37.3%) Conditioning exercise, eg, running or swimming (33%) General massage (30.7%) Long walks (29.1%) Warm baths (28.9%) Strengthening exercise, eg, weights (27.3%) Meditation (28.6%) Practicing calming technique (26.8%) Being alone (26.6%) Socializing or spending time with others (26.2%) Relaxation or self-hypnosis (21%) Being creative (18.4%) Prayer (18.3%) Taking herbs (15.0%) Aromatherapy (9.5%) |