Luby 2003b PAK.

Methods	Cluster‐RCT Allocation sequence: computer generated Allocation concealment: unclear Blinding: none Inclusion of participants in the analysis: unclear Length of follow‐up: 9 months Cluster‐adjustment method: adjusted
Participants	Number: 18 clusters, with 544 households (262 intervention, 282 control) Inclusion criteria: households with at least 1 child < 5 years; provided informed consent Exclusion criteria: not stated Age range: < 15 years
Interventions	Intervention (see Table 5 for detailed description): Large group training using slide shows, pamphlets, and video tapes Control: No receipt of products expected to change risk of diarrhoea but provided them with regular supply of children's books, note books, etc
Outcomes	Primary diarrhoea rates Persistent diarrhoea rates
Notes	Location: multi‐ethnic squatter settlements in Central Karachi, Pakistan Duration: April 2003 to December 2003
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Low risk	The five trial group were assigned a random number generated by a computer spread sheet.
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Not described.
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Not described (open trial).
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Not described (open trial).
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Not clearly stated.
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	None observed.
Other bias	Low risk	None observed.