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. 2015 Jun 2;21(5):642–649. doi: 10.1038/mp.2015.67

Table 1. Systematic overview of articles included in the meta-analysis.

Name Sample sizea Inflammatory markers Population Mean age Female proportion (%) Design Trauma measure Assay
Archer et al.18 46 CRP, IL-6, TNF-α Clinical—Cancer patients 65.64 46.2 Retrospective CTQ Multi-spot protocol
Bertone-Johnson et al.19 702 CRP, IL-6 General population 42.67 100.0 Retrospective n.s. Immunonephelometry
                ELISA
Carpenter et al.21 69 IL-6 General population 26.80 60.9 Retrospective CTQ ELISA
Carpenter et al.20, 52 92 CRP General population 30.50 51.1 Retrospective CTQ Immunonephelometry
Carroll et al.40 765 CRP, IL-6 General population 40.00 57.3 Retrospective RFQ Immunonephelometry
                ELISA
Danese et al.39 633 CRP General population 32.00 48.0 Prospective n.s. Immunotubodimetry
Dennison et al.22 80 IL-6, TNF-α Clinical—FEP patients vs HC 37.27 53.8 Retrospective CTQ ELISA
Di Nicola et al.23 48 IL-6, TNF-α Clinical—FEP patients vs HC 27.35 35.4 Retrospective CECA ELISA
Frodl et al.24 83 CRP, IL-6 Clinical—MDD patients vs HC 39.12 59.0 Retrospective CTQ ELISA
Gouin et al.25 130 CRP, IL-6, TNF-α General population 65.13 82.3 Retrospective CTQ High Sensitivity Immunoassay
                Chemiluminescence
Hartwell et al.26 38 CRP, IL-6, TNF-α General population 35.69 51.3 Retrospective ETI Multiplex Bead Array
Hepgul et al.27 80 CRP Clinical—FEP patients vs HC 26.69 34.4 Retrospective CECA High Sensitivity Immunoassay
Kiecolt-Glaser et al.28 132 IL-6, TNF-α General population 69.69 72.0 Retrospective CTQ High Sensitivity Immunoassay
Lacey et al.29 7462 CRP General population 42.00 49.5 Prospective n.s. Immunonephelometry
Lu et al.30 65 IL-6, TNF-α Clinical—MDD patients vs HC 29.32 55.4 Retrospective CTQ Cytokine Antibody Array
Matthews et al.40 443 CRP General population 45.70 100.0 Retrospective CTQ Immunonephelometry
McDade et al.32 1622 CRP General population 20.90 NA Prospective n.s. Immunoturbodimetry
Rooks et al.41 482 CRP, IL-6 General population 55.00 0.0 Retrospective ETI Chemiluminscence
                ELISA
Runsten et al.33 116 CRP General population 42.89 100.0 Retrospective RFQ ELISA
Slopen et al.34 999 CRP, IL-6 General population 57.90 55.4 Retrospective n.s. Immunonephelometry
                ELISA
Smith et al.35 177 TNF-α Clinical—PTSD patients vs HC NA NA Retrospective CTQ ELISA
Taylor et al.42 3248 CRP General population 40.10 54.7 Retrospective RFQ Immunonephelometry
Tietjen et al.36 141 CRP, IL-6, TNF-α Clinical—Migraneurs 36.98 100.0 Retrospective ACEQ Immunonephelometry
      vs HC         Bead-based sandwich immunoassay
Witek Janusek et al.37 40 IL-6 Clinical—Breast cancer patients 55.60 100.0 Retrospective CTQ ELISA
Zeugmann et al.38 23 CRP, TNF-α Clinical—MDD patients 47.80 68.0 Retrospective CTQ ELISA

Abbreviations: ACEQ, Adverse Childhood Experiences Questionnaire; CECA, childhood experiences of care and abuse; CRP, C-reactive protein; CTQ, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire; ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; ETI, Early Trauma Inventory; FEP, first episode psychosis; HC, healthy control; IL-6, interleukin 6; MDD, major depressive disorder; NA, not available; n.s., non-standardised; PTSD, post-traumatic stress disorder; RFQ, Risky Families Questionnaire; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α.

a

Sample sizes may vary depending on individual inflammatory markers.