Table 3.
Cross-validation of disruptors
| Prototypical disruptors | Deregulated metabolism | Evasion of antigrowth signaling | Angiogenesis | Genetic instability | Immune system evasion | Replicative immortality | Sustained proliferative signaling | Tissue invasion and metastasis | Tumor promoting inflammation | Tumor microenvironment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BPA | +(319–322) | +(152) | +(323) | +(155,324,325) | 0 | + | +(154) | +(326–328) | +(329) | 0 |
| DBP | All via hormone disruption | 0 | +(165) | +(330) | 0 | 0 | +(165,166) | 0 | +(331) | 0 |
| Chlorothalonil | 0 | +(332) | 0 | +(138,333) | 0 | 0 | +(138) | 0 | +(158) | 0 |
| Lindane | +(179,180,334) | 0 | +(335) | +(243,336) | 0 | 0 | +(199,200) | 0 | +(155) | 0 |
| DDVP | +(337) | +(338) | 0 | +(339,340) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +(338,341) | 0 |
| MXC | 0 | 0 | 0 | +(342,343) | 0 | 0 | +(201) | 0 | +(344,345) | 0 |
| Oxyfluorfen | +(192) | 0 | + | 0 | 0 | 0 | +(192) | 0 | +(192) | 0 |
| DEHP | +(168,346) | +(169) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +(167) | 0 | +(347) | 0 |
| Linuronx | +(348) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +(349,350) | 0 |
Disruptors of resistance to cell death were cross-validated for effects in other cancer hallmark pathways. Disruptors that were found to have opposing actions in a particular hallmark (i.e. anticarcinogenic) were denoted using ‘−’, whereas disruptors that were found to have promoting actions in a particular hallmark (i.e. carcinogenic) were denoted using ‘+’. In instances where reports on relevant actions in other hallmarks were mixed (i.e. reports showing both pro-carcinogenic potential and anticarcinogenic potential), the symbol ‘+/−’ were used. Finally, in instances where no literature support was found to document the relevance of a chemical in a particular aspect of cancer’s biology, were denoted using ‘0’.