Table 1. The proportion of self-reported strokes which were true stroke, true TIA or either.* .
| Study † | Country | Question asked ‡ | Self-report (n) | PPV True stroke (% & 95% CI) | PPV True TIA (% & 95% CI) | Revised PPV True stroke or TIA (% & 95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Machon | Spain | Stroke | 176 | 22 (17–29) | 6 (4–11) | 28 (22–35) |
| Walker | UK | Stroke | 201 | 56 (49–62) | 25 (20–32) | 81 (71–86) |
| O’Mahony | UK | Stroke/TIA | 173 | 63 (56–70) | 15 (11–22) | 78 (71–84) |
| Engstad | Norway | Stroke | 269 | 79 (74–84) | 8 (4–10) | 87 (82–90) |
| Bots | Netherlands | Stroke | 285 | 67 (61–72) | 10 (7–14) | 77 (72–81) |
| Colditz | US | Stroke | 115 | 66 (51–74) | 21 (14–29) | 87 (80–92) |
TIA = Transient ischemic attack.
*According to the reference standard.
†Studies which published sufficient data (out of 17 included studies).
‡Participants were asked to report stroke, or stroke plus transient ischemic attack (TIA) (+/- synonyms for either).