. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Sep 1.

Published in final edited form as: Psychosom Med. 2015 Sep;77(7):833–841. doi: 10.1097/PSY.0000000000000219

Table 1.

Participant characteristics by self-esteem (N=858)

	High Self-Esteem (N=231)	Low and Moderate Self-Esteem (N=627)	Test statistic	p-value^*
Sex, N(%) male	86 (37.2%)	265 (42.3%)	Fisher’s exact	0.21
Black race, N(%)	21 (9.1%)	39 (6.2%)	Fisher’s exact	0.17
Hispanic ethnicity, N(%)	31 (13.4%)	71 (11.3%)	Fisher’s exact	0.41
Age, years (mean ± sd)	44.8 ± 10.9	45.3 ± 10.2	t₈₅₆ = −0.65	0.52
Body mass index, kg/m² (mean ± sd)^†	28.3 ± 5.3	27.3 ± 5.3	t₈₃₀ = 2.37	0.018
Median anxiety score (mean ± sd)	10.5 ± 14.5	14.1 ± 16.5	Mann-Whitney Z = −3.49	<0.001^‡
Mean anxiety^(1/3) score (mean ± sd)	1.80 ± 0.87	2.06 ± 0.87	t₈₅₆ = −3.80	<0.001
Mean systolic blood pressure (mean ± sd)	123.4 ± 10.6	123.0 ± 10.2	t₈₅₆ = 0.57	0.57
Hypertension status, N(%)	10 (4.3%)	34 (5.4%)	Fisher’s exact	0.60

Based on t-test or Fisher’s exact test, unless otherwise stated

^†

9 (3.9%) of those with high self-esteem and 17 (2.7%) of those with low or moderate self-esteem did not complete the last visit and therefore are missing data for body mass index.

^‡

p-value based on Mann-Whitney test because the distribution of Median Anxiety scores is highly skewed