. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Oct 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Popul Econ. 2015 Feb 20;28(4):911–936. doi: 10.1007/s00148-015-0542-3

Table 5.

Effect of birth order on mothers’ perceptions of children’s school performance, controlling for child ability

	All families (1)	All families (2)	2-Child family (3)	3-Child family (4)	4-Child family (5)
No. of younger siblings	0.0356^a (0.0125)
2nd Child		−0.0341^a (0.0155)	−0.0774^a (0.0274)	−0.0152 (0.0250)	−0.0260 (0.0333)
3rd Child		−0.0713^a (0.0263)		−0.0157 (0.0384)	−0.0912^c (0.0469)
4th Child		−0.1080^a (0.0414)		−0.1000 (0.0619)
PIAT math	0.0046^a (0.0007)	0.0046^a (0.0007)	0.0054^a (0.0013)	0.0053^a (0.0011)	0.0027^b (0.0013)
PIAT reading recognition	0.0028^a 0.0008)	0.0028^a (0.0008)	0.0038^b (0.0015)	0.0014 (0.0014)	0.0039^a (0.0014)
PIAT reading comprehension	0.0028^a (0.0009)	0.0028^a (0.0009)	0.0023 (0.0015)	0.0035^b (0.0014)	0.0021 (0.0015)
PPVT	0.0024^a (0.0005)	0.0024^a (0.0005)	0.0032^a (0.0009)	0.0023^a (0.0008)	0.0014 (0.0011)
Female	0.0997^a (0.0123)	0.0997^a (0.0123)	0.0972^a (0.0212)	0.1070^a (0.0194)	0.0975^a (0.0234)
Mean dep var	0.330	0.330	0.350	0.330	0.300
Observations	11,354	11,354	4833	4338	2183

Robust standard errors in parentheses. Specifications include a set of year effects and age effects as well as family-fixed effects. Dependent variable equals 1 if child is perceived to be one of the best students in his/her class, equals 0 otherwise

significant at 1 %

significant at 5 %

significant at 10 %