Table 1.
Enrollment Characteristics of Men Who Returned for the First 6-Month Follow-up Visit in São Paulo, Cuernavaca, and Tampa in the HIM Study, 2005–2012a
| Variable | MSM (n = 564) |
Total MSW (n = 3029)c | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MSOM (n = 93)b | MSWM (n = 471)b | Totalc | ||
| Age, y | ||||
| 18–30 | 56 (60) | 189 (40) | 245 (43) | 1456 (48) |
| 31–44 | 33 (35) | 222 (47) | 255 (45) | 1167 (39) |
| 45–70 | 4 (4) | 60 (13) | 64 (11) | 406 (13) |
| Median (range) | 29 (18–55) | 33 (18–69) | 32 (18–69) | 31 (18–70) |
| City | ||||
| São Paulo | 58 (62) | 289 (61) | 347 (62) | 942 (31) |
| Cuernavaca | 13 (14) | 111 (24) | 124 (22) | 1064 (35) |
| Tampa | 22 (24) | 71 (15) | 93 (16) | 1023 (34) |
| Race | ||||
| White | 64 (69) | 245 (52) | 309 (55) | 1298 (43) |
| Black | 12 (13) | 94 (20) | 106 (19) | 446 (15) |
| Asian/Pacific Islander | 1 (1) | 2 (<1) | 3 (1) | 88 (3) |
| American Indian | 3 (3) | 13 (3) | 16 (3) | 56 (2) |
| Mestizo/other | 13 (14) | 108 (23) | 121 (21) | 1088 (36) |
| Declined to answer | 0 (0) | 9 (2) | 9 (2) | 53 (2) |
| Ethnicity | ||||
| Hispanic | 34 (37) | 198 (42) | 232 (41) | 1417 (47) |
| Non-Hispanic | 56 (60) | 267 (57) | 323 (57) | 1579 (52) |
| Declined to answer | 3 (3) | 6 (1) | 9 (2) | 33 (1) |
| Duration of primary sexual relationship, y | ||||
| No current relationship | 55 (59) | 137 (29) | 192 (34) | 611 (20) |
| <1 | 20 (22) | 82 (17) | 102 (18) | 523 (17) |
| 1–5 | 13 (14) | 84 (18) | 97 (17) | 678 (22) |
| >5 | 1 (1) | 148 (31) | 149 (26) | 989 (33) |
| Declined to answer | 4 (4) | 20 (4) | 24 (4) | 288 (8) |
| Circumcision status | ||||
| Prepuce present | 67 (72) | 346 (73) | 413 (73) | 1868 (62) |
| No prepuce present | 26 (28) | 125 (27) | 151 (27) | 1161 (38) |
| Cigarette smoking status | ||||
| Never smoker | 68 (73) | 235 (50) | 303 (54) | 1770 (58) |
| Former smoker | 6 (6) | 95 (20) | 101 (18) | 591 (20) |
| Current smoker | 19 (20) | 140 (30) | 159 (28) | 657 (22) |
| Declined to answer | 0 (0) | 1 (<1) | 1 (<1) | 11 (<1) |
| Alcoholic drinks in last 1 mo, No. | ||||
| 0–30 | 63 (68) | 319 (68) | 382 (68) | 2097 (69) |
| 31–60 | 10 (11) | 59 (13) | 69 (12) | 337 (11) |
| >60 | 14 (15) | 70 (15) | 84 (15) | 463 (15) |
| Declined to answer | 6 (6) | 23 (5) | 29 (5) | 132 (4) |
| Male anal sex partners in last 3 mo, No. | ||||
| 0 | 19 (20) | 307 (65) | 326 (58) | 2997 (99) |
| 1 | 27 (29) | 63 (13) | 90 (16) | 0 (0) |
| ≥2 | 41 (44) | 78 (17) | 119 (21) | 0 (0) |
| Declined to answer | 6 (6) | 23 (5) | 29 (5) | 32 (1) |
| Median; mean | 1; 2 | 0; 2 | 0; 2 | 0; 0 |
| Female sex partners in last 6 mo, No. | ||||
| 0 | 90 (97) | 181 (38) | 271 (48) | 768 (25) |
| 1 | 0 (0) | 128 (27) | 128 (23) | 1368 (45) |
| ≥2 | 0 (0) | 140 (30) | 140 (25) | 791 (26) |
| Declined to answer | 3 (3) | 22 (5) | 25 (4) | 102 (3) |
| Median; mean | 0; 0 | 1; 1 | 0; 1 | 1; 1 |
| Total male and/or female sex partners in last 6 mo, No. | ||||
| 0 | 19 (20) | 94 (20) | 113 (20) | 763 (25) |
| 1 | 27 (29) | 137 (29) | 164 (29) | 1357 (45) |
| ≥2 | 41 (44) | 206 (44) | 247 (44) | 787 (26) |
| Declined to answer | 6 (6) | 34 (7) | 40 (7) | 122 (4) |
| Median; mean | 1; 2 | 1; 3 | 1; 3 | 1; 1 |
| Insertive anal sex acts in last 6 mo, No.d | ||||
| 0 | 16 (17) | 129 (27) | 145 (26) | 1880 (62) |
| 1–5 | 11 (12) | 66 (14) | 77 (14) | 236 (8) |
| 6–10 | 5 (5) | 21 (4) | 26 (5) | 42 (1) |
| >10 | 12 (13) | 33 (7) | 45 (8) | 42 (1) |
| Declined to answer | 2 (2) | 8 (2) | 10 (2) | 31 (1) |
| Question not asked | 47 (51) | 214 (45) | 261 (46) | 798 (26) |
| Median; mean | 4; 9 | 0; 11 | 1; 11 | 0; 1 |
| Lifetime total male anal sex partners, No. | ||||
| 0–2 | 17 (18) | 249 (53) | 266 (47) | 2999 (99) |
| 3–9 | 24 (26) | 103 (22) | 127 (23) | 0 (0) |
| 10–19 | 16 (17) | 32 (7) | 48 (9) | 0 (0) |
| ≥20 | 28 (30) | 60 (13) | 88 (16) | 0 (0) |
| Declined to answer | 8 (9) | 27 (6) | 35 (6) | 30 (1) |
| Median; mean | 10; 43 | 2; 21 | 2; 25 | 0; 0 |
| Lifetime female sex partners, No. | ||||
| 0–2 | 87 (94) | 108 (23) | 195 (35) | 646 (21) |
| 3–9 | 0 (0) | 146 (31) | 146 (26) | 1044 (34) |
| 10–19 | 0 (0) | 78 (17) | 78 (14) | 533 (18) |
| ≥20 | 0 (0) | 101 (21) | 101 (18) | 640 (21) |
| Declined to answer | 6 (6) | 38 (8) | 44 (8) | 166 (5) |
| Median; mean | 0; 0 | 7; 17 | 5; 14 | 7; 16 |
| Anogenital warts (clinician report) | ||||
| Yes | 4 (4) | 21 (4) | 25 (4) | 168 (6) |
| No | 89 (96) | 450 (96) | 539 (96) | 2861 (94) |
| C. trachomatis infection | ||||
| Yes | 3 (3) | 4 (1) | 7 (1) | 51 (2) |
| No | 90 (97) | 466 (99) | 556 (99) | 2976 (98) |
| Response missing | 0 (0) | 1 (<1) | 1 (<1) | 2 (<1) |
| History of an HPV-vaccinated female sex partnerd,e | ||||
| Yes | 0 (0) | 44 (9) | 44 (8) | 455 (15) |
| No/don't know | 58 (62) | 274 (58) | 332 (59) | 1697 (56) |
| Declined to answer | 8 (9) | 8 (2) | 16 (1) | 65 (2) |
| Question not asked | 27 (29) | 145 (31) | 172 (31) | 812 (27) |
Abbreviations: C. trachomatis, Chlamydia trachomatis; HIM, HPV Infection in Men; HPV, human papillomavirus; MSM, men having sex with men; MSOM, men having sex only with men; MSW, men having sex with women; MSWM, men having sex with both women and men.
a Unless otherwise specified, data represent No. (%) of men.
b The χ2 P values for all variables by comparing MSOM and MSWM were <.05, except for race (P = .05), ethnicity (P = .40), circumcision (P = .78), alcoholic drinks in the last month (P = .91), total male and/or female sex partners in the last 6 months (P = .99), frequency of insertive anal sex in the last 6 months (P = .07), anogenital warts (P = .95), and C. trachomatis infection (P = .06). Responses that were refusals or missing were not included in hypothesis testing.
c The χ2 P values for all variables by comparing MSM and MSW were ≤.01, except for ethnicity (P = .02), alcoholic drinks in the last month (P = .71), anogenital warts (P = .28), and C. trachomatis infection (P = .45). Responses that were refusals or missing were not included in hypothesis testing.
d Data were collected in a subset of the full sample.
e Men's self-reports from all study visits. Data were collected in a subset of the full sample.