FIGURE 4.

Autophagy and glycogen lysosomal disposal markers of control and exercised C57Bl/6J mice. A, representative Western blots of 3 samples per condition for LC3-II, p62, Stbd1, and laforin with GAPDH as a loading control. LC3-I was only apparent after a longer exposure. B, quantitation of exercised and post-exercise conditions (empty bars) compared with non-exercised conditions (filled bar) for LC3-II, p62, Stbd1, and laforin, all normalized by GAPDH. C, co-sedimentation of Stbd1 (upper strip) and laforin (lower strip) with poorly branched newly synthesized glycogen from 3 h after exercise (R+3h) compared with glycogen from not run (NR) mice. Also included was abnormal glycogen from 12-month-old Epm2a^−/− mouse skeletal muscle (LafKO). The blank contained no glycogen. SN, supernatant; P, pellet from centrifugation at 100,000 × g at 4 °C for 90 min. D, distribution of glycogen in the low speed pellet of 6000 × g (as % of the total glycogen) from not run (basal) compared with 3 h after exercise when glycogen is less branched. Data are mean ± S.E. Bars with the same letter are not significantly different from each other; different letters indicate p < 0.05.