Table 1.

Circulating microRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma

MicroRNAs	Diagnosis/prognosis	Up/downregulated in plasma/serum	Plasma/serum	Relevance	Ref.
miR-12	Yes/No	Upregulated	Serum	Compared with healthy control	[67]
miR-122	Yes/No	Upregulated	Serum		[67]
miR-223	Yes/No	Upregulated	Serum		[67]
miR-122	Yes/No	Upregulated	Serum	Compared with healthy control	[68]
miR-21	Yes/No	Upregulated	Plasma	Compared with chronic hepatitis or healthy control	[69]
miR-143	Yes/No	Upregulated	Serum	Compared with healthy control	[6]
miR-215	Yes/No	Upregulated	Serum		[6]
miR-10b	Yes/No	Upregulated	Serum	Compared with CLD or healthy control	[74]
miR-106b	Yes/No	Upregulated	Serum		[74]
miR-181a	Yes/No	Downregulated	Serum		[74]
miR-206	Yes/No	Upregulated	Serum	HBV-related HCC compared with cirrhosis or healthy control	[12]
miR-141-3p	Yes/No	Upregulated	Serum		[12]
miR-433-3p	Yes/No	Upregulated	Serum		[12]
miR-1228-5p	Yes/No	Upregulated	Serum		[12]
miR-199a-5p	Yes/No	Downregulated	Serum		[12]
miR-122-5p	Yes/No	Downregulated	Serum		[12]
miR-192-5p	Yes/No	Downregulated	Serum		[12]
miR-26a-5p	Yes/No	Downregulated	Serum		[12]
miR-122	Yes/No	Downregulated	Plasma	HBV-related HCC compared with chronic hepatitis B or healthy control	[75]
miR-192	Yes/No	Upregulated	Plasma		[75]
miR-21	Yes/No	Upregulated	Plasma		[75]
miR-223	Yes/No	Downregulated	Plasma		[75]
miR-26a	Yes/No	Downregulated	Plasma		[75]
miR-27a	Yes/No	Downregulated	Plasma		[75]
miR-801	Yes/No	Upregulated	Plasma		[75]
miR-16	Yes/No	Downregulated	Serum	Compared with CLD or healthy control	[78]
miR-21	Yes/No	Upregulated	Plasma	Compared with chronic hepatitis or healthy volunteers	[69]
miR-375d	Yes/No	Downregulated	Serum	Compared with healthy control	[87]
miR-199a-3p	Yes/No	Downregulated			[87]
miR-30c-5p	Yes/No	Upregulated	Serum	HCV-related HCC compared with healthy control	[15]
miR-223-3p	Yes/No	Downregulated	Serum		[15]
miR-302c-3p	Yes/No	Upregulated	Serum		[15]
miR-17-5p	Yes/No	Upregulated	Serum		[15]
miR-122	No/Yes	Upregulated	Serum	Improved overall survival	[4]
miR-1	No/Yes	Upregulated	Serum	Improved overall survival	[79]
miR-221	No/Yes	Upregulated	Serum	High serum miR-221 levels decreased survival rate	[81]

miRNAs: MicroRNAs; CLD: Chronic liver disease; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; HCV: Hepatitis C virus.