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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Sep 11.
Published in final edited form as: AIDS. 2014 Jul 17;28(11):1545–1554. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000000301

Table 2.

Completion rates of various postexposure prophylaxis regimens over past 10 years.

Enrollment (N) Inclusion criteria Regimen(s) Results
Rabaud et al.,
2005 [30]		 121 Exposure within 48 h
(or 140 h if rape);
occupational and
nonoccupational
exposures; age ≥ 18		 ZDV/3TC + LPV/RTV
for 4 weeks		 16.5% stopped early due
to adverse effects;
64.5% completed therapy,
48.7% of whom reported
adverse effects
Burty et al.,
2008 [31]		 46 Exposure within 48 h;
occupational and
nonoccupational
exposures; age ≥ 18		 ZDV/3TC + FPV/RTV
for 4 weeks		 13.0% stopped early due to
adverse effects; 47.8%
completed therapy, 54.5%
of whom reported adverse
effects; no HIV seroconversions
Diaz-Brito et al.,
2012 [33]		 ZDV/3TC + LPV/RTV:
102; ZDV/3TC +
ATZ: 98		 Age > 18; met criteria
for Spain’s PEP program;
occupational and
nonoccupational
exposures		 ZDV/3TC + LPV/RTV for
4 weeks; OR ZDV/3TC +
unboosted ATZ for 4 weeks		 LPV arm: 63.7% completed
therapy; 15.7% stopped
or switched due to adverse
effects; ATZ arm: 64.3%
completed therapy; 17.3%
stopped or switched due to
adverse effects; no HIV
seroconversions in either arm
Mayer et al.,
2008 [34]		 ZDV/3TC: 122;
ZDV/3TC+PI: 119;
TDF/3TC: 68;
TDF/FTC: 44		 Exposure within 72 h;
sexual exposures;
age ≥ 18		 January 2000–May 2004:
ZDV/3TC for low-risk
exposures; ZDV/3TC + PI
(mostly NFV) for high-risk
exposures; May 2004–March
2005: TDF/3TC; March
2005–March 2006: TDF/FTC
(N = 44); all groups treated
for 4 weeks		 ZDV/3TC: 42.1% completion;
ZDV/3TC + PI: 38.8%
completion; TDF/3TC:
87.5% completion; TDF/FTC:
72.7% completion; No HIV
seroconversions in the TDF
groups; 3 HIV seroconversions
in the ZDV groups
Tosini et al.,
2010 [35]		 188 Exposure within 48 h;
occupational and
nonoccupational
exposures; age ≥ 18		 TDF/FTC + LPV/RTV for
4 weeks		 11.7% stopped early due to
adverse effects; 88.3%
completed therapy,
42.2% of whom reported
adverse effects; No HIV
seroconversions
Burty et al.,
2010 [36]		 ZDV/3TC + TDF: 171;
TDF/3TC + ATZ/RTV:
152		 Exposure within 48 h;
occupational and
nonoccupational
exposures; age ≥ 18		 ZDV/3TC + TDF for 4 weeks;
OR TDF/3TC + ATZ/RTV
for 4 weeks		 12.9% and 14.5%, respectively,
stopped early due to adverse
effects; ZDV/3TC + TDF: 81.5%
completion; TDF/3TC + ATZ/
RTV: 79.0% completion; no HIV
seroconversions
Mayer et al.,
2012 [37]		 100 Exposure within 72 h;
sexual exposures;
age ≥ 18		 TDF/FTC + RAL for 4 weeks 84% completed regimen,
32% of whom
occasionally missed
second daily dose of RAL;
none stopped early due
to side effects; no HIV
seroconversions

3TC, lamivudine; ATZ, atazanavir; FPV, fosamprenavir; FTC, emtricitabine; LPV, lopinavir; NFV, nelfinavir; PI, protease inhibitor; RAL, raltegravir; RTV, ritonavir; TDF, tenofovir; ZDV, zidovudine.