Fig 3. Soluble markers of immune activation in the plasma of SIVcpz infected chimpanzees.

(A, C, E) Plasma levels of β2-microglublin, neopterin, and sTRAIL determined by ELISA, during the acute and chronic phase of infection in the experimentally infected animals. Levels of each marker were normalised to the pre-infection level for each animal. Horizontal black bars indicate the mean value in each group. As sampling times and/or sample availability was not identical for each animal, comparable time points are grouped (e.g. week 4 and week 6 are displayed as a single time point). (B, D, F) Levels of each marker in the chronic phase (including Ch-No) of SIVcpz infection compared with values for uninfected and HIV-1 infected chimpanzees, and displayed as absolute values. (G) Heatmap showing expression levels of the indicated genes in RNA-seq transcriptomics analysis of PBMCs.