Table 3.
Univariable Risk Factors for SSTIs
| Variablea | Hazard Ratio (95% CI) | P Value |
|---|---|---|
| Staphylococcus aureus colonization | 2.91 (1.59, 5.34) | .001* |
| Demographics | ||
| Age, per 1 yr | 0.97 (0.94, 0.99) | .02* |
| Race | ||
| Caucasian | 1.00 | .13 |
| African-American | 0.61 (0.32, 1.16) | .33 |
| Other | 0.37 (0.05, 2.75) | |
| Gender, male | 1.58 (0.38, 6.51) | .53 |
| HIV-related factors | ||
| Duration of HIV, per 1 yr | 0.92 (0.88, 0.97) | <.001* |
| AIDS diagnosis | 0.49 (0.19, 1.24) | .13 |
| CD4 count, cells/mm3 | ||
| <350 | 1.00 | .27 |
| ≥350 | 0.67 (0.33, 1.37) | |
| Viral load, undetectable <50 copies/mL | 1.61 (0.88, 2.92) | .12 |
| Current HAART use | 0.66 (0.33, 1.32) | .24 |
| Behaviors | ||
| Illicit drug use | 5.61 (1.71, 18.36) | .004* |
| Alcohol use | 0.93 (0.5, 1.74) | .81 |
| Tobacco use | 1.77 (0.96, 3.26) | .07** |
| Lives alone | 1.01 (0.54, 1.87) | .99 |
| Owns a pet | 1.68 (0.9, 3.11) | .10 |
| Public gym use | 2.12 (1.09, 4.19) | .03* |
| Public shower use | 2.72 (1.45, 5.10) | .002* |
| Plays football | 0.41 (0.06, 3.00) | .38 |
| Sexually active, yes | 1.59 (0.82, 3.10) | .17 |
| Number of sexual partners | ||
| 0 | 1.00 | |
| 1 | 0.50 (0.22, 1.12) | .09** |
| ≥2 | 0.59 (0.26, 1.34) | .21 |
| Antibacterial soap use | 0.72 (0.37, 1.39) | .33 |
| Shares towels | 0.72 (0.1, 5.24) | .75 |
| Body shaving | 1.41 (0.78, 2.57) | .26 |
| Tattoo | 3.07 (1.29, 7.32) | .01* |
| Medical Conditionsb | ||
| Kidney disease | 1.89 (0.26, 13.85) | .53 |
| Liver disease | 1.39 (0.19, 10.12) | .75 |
| Skin disease | 1.46 (0.35, 6.02) | .61 |
| Sexually transmitted infectionsb | ||
| Syphilis | 1.02 (0.14, 7.46) | .99 |
| Medication Use | ||
| TMP-SMX | 1.25 (0.38, 4.08) | .71 |
| Injectable medication | 4.14 (1.91, 8.95) | <.001* |
| Healthcare Encounters | ||
| ED visit | 2.28 (1.16, 4.47) | .02* |
| Hospitalized | 3.17 (1.40, 7.16) | .01* |
Abbreviations: AIDS, acquired immune deficiency syndrome; CI, confidence interval; ED, emergency department; HAART, highly active antiretroviral therapy; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; SSTIs, skin and soft tissue infections; TMP-SMX, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.
a Factors were ascertained within the last 6 months before each study visit.
b Unable to examine diabetes, cancer, gonorrhea, or chlamydia given no diagnosis among the SSTI cases.
* P < .05.
** P < .10.