Table 1. Association between poor blood pressure control status and sociodemographic and clinical parameters.
| Variables Good | Good blood pressure control, n (%) | Poor blood pressure control, n (%) | Chi-square | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sociodemographic profile | ||||
| Age (years) | ||||
| 60–64 | 110 (51.7) | 110 (48.2) | 0.537 | 0.970 |
| 65–69 | 58 (27.2) | 67 (29.4) | ||
| 70–74 | 32 (15.0) | 36 (15.8) | ||
| 75–79 | 9 (4.2) | 10 (4.4) | ||
| ≥80 | 4 (1.9) | 5 (2.2) | ||
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 103 (48.4) | 122 (53.5) | 1.17 | 0.279 |
| Female | 110 (51.6) | 106 (46.5) | ||
| Ethnicity | ||||
| Malay | 86 (40.4) | 79 (34.7) | 5.297 | 1.151 |
| Chinese | 85 (39.9) | 115 (50.4) | ||
| Indian | 40 (18.8) | 33 (14.5) | ||
| Others | 2 (0.9) | 1 (0.4) | ||
| Education level | ||||
| Less than secondary education | 94 (44.1) | 133 (58.3) | 8.892 | 0.003 |
| Secondary or higher education | 119 (55.9) | 95 (41.7) | ||
| Staying alone | ||||
| Yes | 29 (13.6) | 22 (9.6) | 1.694 | 0.193 |
| No | 184 (86.4) | 206 (90.4) | ||
| Clinical parameters | ||||
| Smoking status | ||||
| Yes | 12 (5.7) | 22 (9.6) | 2.407 | 0.121 |
| No | 199 (94.3) | 206 (90.4) | ||
| Presence of comorbidities | ||||
| Yes | 178 (83.6) | 208 (91.2) | 5.919 | 0.015 |
| No | 35 (16.4) | 20 (8.8) | ||
| Duration of hypertension | ||||
| 1–5 years | 72 (33.8) | 75 (32.9) | 0.635 | 0.728 |
| 6–10 years | 69 (32.4) | 68 (29.8) | ||
| >10 years | 72 (33.8) | 85 (37.3) | ||
| Number of antihypertensive agents | ||||
| 1 | 76 (35.7) | 51 (22.4) | 13.245 | 0.001 |
| 2 | 98 (46.0) | 108 (47.3) | ||
| ≥3 | 39 (18.3) | 69 (30.3) | ||
| Total number of medications taken | ||||
| <5 | 134 (62.9) | 110 (48.2) | 9.582 | 0.002 |
| ≥5 | 79 (37.1) | 118 (51.8) |