Table 3.
Test results of simultaneous series and shunt fault location estimation.
| Fault inception angle (°) | Series fault type | Estimated series fault location (km) | Error (%) | Shunt fault type | Estimated shunt fault location (km) | Error (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | A1 at 200 km from receiving end | 196.000 | 1.818 | A1G at 20 km from sending end | 18.000 | 0.909 |
| 60 | B1 at 180 km from receiving end | 182.000 | 0.909 | B1G at 40 km from sending end | 36.000 | 1.818 |
| 120 | C1 at 160 km from receiving end | 161.000 | 0.454 | C1G at 60 km from sending end | 54.000 | 2.727 |
| 180 | A2 at 140 km from receiving end | 140.000 | 0.000 | A2G at 80 km from sending end | 76.000 | 1.818 |
| 240 | B2 at 120 km from receiving end | 119.000 | 0.454 | B2G at 100 km from sending end | 98.000 | 0.909 |
| 300 | C2 at 100 km from receiving end | 98.000 | 0.909 | C2G at 120 km from sending end | 118.000 | 0.909 |
| 0 | C1 at 209 km from receiving end | 216.000 | −0.0318 | A1G at 11 km from sending end | 9.000 | 0.0090 |
| 45 | B2 at 22 km from sending end | 21.000 | 0.0045 | C2G at 198 km from receiving end | 199.000 | −0.0045 |
| 90 | A1 at 177 km from receiving end | 182.000 | −0.0227 | B1G at 43 km from sending end | 45.000 | −0.0090 |
| 135 | A2B2 at 63 km from sending end | 63.000 | 0 | C2G at 157 km from receiving end | 165.000 | −0.0363 |
| 180 | A1 at 137 km from receiving end | 140.000 | −0.0136 | B1C1G at 83 km from sending end | 85.800 | −0.0127 |
| 225 | B2 at 103 km from sending end | 105.000 | −0.0090 | C2A2G at 117 km from receiving end | 117.000 | 0.0000 |
| 270 | C1 at 97 km from receiving end | 98.000 | −0.0045 | A1B1 at 123 km from sending end | 124.800 | −0.0081 |
| 315 | A2 at 143 km from sending end | 147.000 | −0.0181 | B2C2 at 77 km from receiving end | 78.000 | −0.0045 |
| 0 | C1A1 at 57 km from receiving end | 56.000 | 0.0045 | B1G at 163 km from sending end | 171.000 | −0.0363 |
| 90 | A2B2 at 183 km from sending end | 182.000 | 0.0045 | C2G at 37 km from receiving end | 36.000 | 0.00454 |
| 180 | A2B2C2 at 203 km from sending end | 203.000 | 0 | A2G at 17 km from receiving end | 18.000 | −0.0045 |
| 270 | A1B1 at 213 km from sending end | 215.000 | −0.0090 | B1G at 7 km from receiving end | 9.000 | −0.0090 |