Table 1.
Sample characteristics and comparison of clinical and demographic characteristics by health-related quality of life and functional status classification
| Characteristics | Overall (N = 313) |
Better HRQOL (n = 154) |
Worse HRQOL (n = 159) |
p | Better Functional status (n = 181) |
Poorer Functional status (n = 132) |
p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 62±11 | 64±11 | 60±11 | .006 | 62±11 | 62±11 | .961 |
| Male | 217 (69) | 111 (72) | 106 (67) | .328 | 136 (75) | 81 (61) | .013 |
| Living alone | 98 (31) | 48 (31) | 50 (31) | 1.00 | 55 (30) | 43 (33) | .712 |
| Caucasian | 247 (79) | 116 (75) | 131 (82) | .130 | 139 (77) | 108 (82) | .327 |
| Education, years | 13±3 | 14±3 | 12±3 | < .001 | 14±3 | 13±3 | .001 |
| Etiology, ischemic | 159 (52) | 78 (51) | 81 (52) | .467 | 89 (50) | 70 (54) | .636 |
| Body mass index | 30.6±7.5 | 29.7±7.5 | 31.5±7.4 | .062 | 29.8±7.5 | 31.6±7.5 | .071 |
| Comorbidity | 3.2±2.0 | 3.1±1.8 | 3.4±2.1 | .213 | 2.9±2.0 | 3.6±2.0 | .002 |
| Prior heart attack | 161 (52) | 79 (51) | 82 (53) | .820 | 88 (49) | 73 (56) | .249 |
| Hypertension | 224 (73) | 112 (74) | 112 (73) | .898 | 123 (70) | 101 (78) | .091 |
| LVEF, % | 35±14 | 34±14 | 35±15 | .938 | 34±14 | 35±14 | .552 |
| ACEI use | 227 (73) | 115 (75) | 112 (70) | .448 | 133 (74) | 94 (71) | .701 |
| Beta-blocker use | 278 (89) | 139 (90) | 139 (87) | .476 | 160 (88) | 118 (89) | .857 |
| HRQOL | 32.3±20.6 | 14.9±8.4 | 49.2±13.7 | < .001 | 23.7±17.1 | 44.2±19.1 | < .001 |
| Functional status | 16.2±12.9 | 22.5±14.4 | 10.2±7.2 | < .001 | 23.5±12.6 | 6.2±2.5 | < .001 |
Data are presented as means ± SD, or N (%), interval level data compared by independent t-test, categorical by Chi-square; NYHA = New York Heart Association; LVEF = left ventricular ejection fraction; ACEI =angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor.