Table 1.

Studies on the role of the rs738409PNPLA3 polymorphisms in hepatitis C virus chronic infection

Ref.	No. of	Country	Type of study	Liver disease	Outcome (GG vs GC + CC)
	patients				Steatosis	Severe steatosis	Cirrhosis	SVR	HCC
Cai et al[98]	626	Switzerland	Cross-sectional	Chronic liver disease	OR = 1.880 (95%CI: 1.571-2.250)1	OR = 1.578 (95%CI: 1.331-1.870)12
Clark et al[101]	972	United States	Cross-sectional	Chronic liver disease	OR = 1.62 (95%CI: 1.22-2.14)3	OR = 1.78 (95%CI: 1.40-2.27)34		No association (P = 0.294)3
Dunn et al[103]	101	United States	Cohort	Liver transplantation recipients and donors			HR = 2.53, (95%CI: 1.28-5.02)56
Guyot et al[105]	253	France	Cohort	Cirrhosis				No association (P = 0.5)7	No association (P = 0.5)
Nakamura et al[102]	260	Japan	Cross-sectional	37 Cirrhosis 223 Chronic hepatitis	No association (P = 0.935)8		No association (P = 0.876)8
Nischalke et al[104]	162	Germany	Case-control	Cirrhosis					No association (P = 0.386)
Trépo et al[96]	537	Belgium, Germany, France	Cross-sectional	Chronic liver disease		OR = 2.84 (95%CI: 1.22-6.60)2	OR = 2.43 (95%CI: 1.24-4.78)9
Valenti et al[97]	819	Italy	Cross-sectional/case-control	548 Chronic hepatitis 215 Cirrhosis 56 HCC	OR = 1.90 (95%CI: 1.39-2.73)	OR = 2.09 (95%CI: 1.62-2.67)4	OR = 1.47 (95%CI: 1.15-1.87)	OR = 0.63 (95%CI: 0.44-0.86)10	OR = 2.16 (95%CI: 1.33-3.59)11
Zampino et al[99]	166	Italy	Cross-sectional	Chronic hepatitis	Mean steatosis score GG: 1.94 ± 1.6, CG: 1.25 ± 1.2, CC: 1 ± 1.1, P < 0.05

¹GG + GC vs CC non-genotype 3;

²Steatosis > 5%;

³Rs2896019 GG + GT vs TT genotype 1;

⁴Steatosis > 32%;

⁵GG + GC vs CC donors;

⁶Occurrence of Ishak staging ≥ 3, acute cellular rejection, chronic rejection or fibrosing cholestatic hepatitis during a 620-d (IQR 317-975) follow-up;

⁷226 patients;

⁸GG+GC vs CC, United States diagnosis of steatosis and cirrhosis;

⁹F3 or F4;

¹⁰470 patients;

¹¹325 patients. SVR: Sustained viral response; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma.