Table 4.
Role of other single nucleotide polymorphisms in hepatitis C virus infection
| Ref. | Gene | SNPs/haplotypes | Important results |
| CRS (7 genes): | |||
| Huang et al[145] | AZIN1 | rs62522600 | The Cirrhosis Risk Score was evaluated both in retrospective and prospective studies and appeared to be a useful predictor of fibrosis progression in patients with mild chronic hepatitis C, even in special populations (i.e., liver transplant recipients or HIV-HCV coinfected patients) |
| Marcolongo et al[146] | TLR4 | rs4986791 | |
| Trépo et al[148] | TRMP5 | rs886277 | |
| Curto et al[147] | AP3S2 | rs2290351 | |
| do O et al[150] | B008027 | rs4290029 | |
| Fernández-Rodríguez et al[149] | AQP2 | rs2878771 | |
| STXBP5 | rs17740066 | ||
| Nattermann et al[152] | IL-6 | rs1800795 | The CC genotype was associated with lower plasma levels of IL-6 and seemed to correlate with higher SVR rate and lower grading and staging, although the data from the literature are discordant, probably due to the heterogeneity of the study populations (i.e., different virological and clinical characteristics, HIV-coinfection, etc.) |
| Yee et al[151] | |||
| Falleti et al[153] | |||
| Cussigh et al[154] | |||
| Khakoo et al[156] | KIR-HLA | KIR2DL3/HLAC1 | The association between KIR2DL3 and HLAC1 appeared to be related to both a spontaneous and treatment-induced resolution of HCV infection |
| Knapp et al[157] | |||
| Huang et al[145] | IFNγ | rs2069707 | The C764G polymorphism seemed to be associated with a higher SVR rate and a more frequent spontaneous viral clearance |
| Hellier et al[163] | CCR5 | CCR5Δ32 | The CCR5Δ32 deletion, which was associated with resistance to HIV infection, seemed to correlate with lower spontaneous clearance of HCV and milder inflammation and fibrosis, although the data from the literature are discordant |
| Nattermann et al[164] | |||
| Goulding et al[165] | |||
| Coppola et al[158] | CNR2 | rs35761398 | The CB2-65 QQ genotype was associated with the PNALT status in chronic HCV infection, but also with a higher HAI |
| Coppola et al[159] |
PNALT: Persistently normal alanine-amino-transferase; HAI: Histological activity index; SVR: Sustained viral response; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; HIV: Human immunodeficiency virus; IL- 6: Interleukin-6; SNPs: Single nucleotide polymorphisms.