Table 2.

Summary of the various advantages and disadvantages of bottom up and top down surface biomimicry strategies.

	Advantages	Disadvantages
Top Down	• Complete control over contents • Fully characterized • Readily customizable • Versatile	• Often requires multiple input sources and many steps to synthesize
Bottom Up	• Can recapitulate complex properties • May offer properties whose mechanisms have not been fully elucidated as yet • Potentially highly biocompatible	• Limited membrane sources • Incomplete control over content • Varying difficulty and cost in membrane purification depending on cell type