Table 1.
Characteristics of the Participants with and without Metabolic Risk Factorsa for Cardiovascular Disease
| Variables | without Risk Factor | with Risk Factors | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| No. of subjects | 456 | 2133 | |
| Age, years | 41.63 (10.97) | 47.55 (12.49) | <0.001 |
| Male, % | 42.76 | 40.74 | 0.426 |
| Current smoking, % | 46.27 | 44.02 | 0.380 |
| Current drinking, % | 29.17 | 34.36 | 0.033 |
| Family history of CVD, % | 5.04 | 14.77 | <0.001 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 20.41 (1.83) | 22.74 (3.64) | <0.001 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 75.35 (5.57) | 82.66 (9.91) | <0.001 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 114.0 (10.6) | 133.2 (25.6) | <0.001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 76.2 (7.0) | 86.3 (13.2) | <0.001 |
| Total cholesterol, median (IQR) | 3.36 (2.90–3.90) | 3.67 (2.99–4.52) | <0.001 |
| Triglycerides, median (IQR) | 0.76 (0.57–1.03) | 0.99 (0.69–1.52) | <0.001 |
| LDL cholesterol, median (IQR) | 1.93 (1.51–2.43) | 2.25 (1.63–2.98) | <0.001 |
| HDL cholesterol, median (IQR) | 1.25 (1.14–1.37) | 1.09 (0.91–1.37) | <0.001 |
| Fasting glucose, median (IQR) | 4.4 (4.0–4.8) | 5.0 (4.4–5.6) | <0.001 |
| hsCRP, median (IQR) | 4.62 (3.31–6.80) | 6.49 (4.14–12.63) | <0.001 |
| sE-selectin, median (IQR) | 17.10 (13.26–23.21) | 18.92 (15.17–25.14) | <0.001 |
| Angiotensin II, median (IQR) | 49.6 (39.5–72.4) | 49.0 (40.0–71.1) | 0.544 |
| sICAM-1, ng/mL | 301.37 (92.33) | 335.01 (98.09) | <0.001 |
Note. Data are expressed with mean (SD) unless otherwise noted.
a
metabolic risk factors for cardiovascular disease included hypertension, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, overweight or obesity and central obesity.
IQR, interquartile range; hsCRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; sE-selectin, soluble E-selectin; sICAM-1, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1.