Table 1.
Complications.
| Complication | OCBDE (n = 93) | Clavien-Dindo Classification | Percentage (%) | LCBDE (n = 123) | Clavien-Dindo Classification | Percentage (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Retained stones | 9 | IIIa (7) IIIb (2) |
10 | 20 | I (2) IIIa (18) |
16 |
|
| ||||||
| Bile leak | 4 | IIIb (4) | 4 | 4 | IIIa (2) IIIb (2) |
3 |
|
| ||||||
| Respiratory | 9 | I (2) II (7) |
10 | 4 | I (3) II (1) |
3 |
|
| ||||||
| Cardiac | 4 | I (1) II (3) |
4 | 0 | 0 | |
|
| ||||||
| Wound infection | 7 | II (6) IIIb (1) |
8 | 1 | II (1) | 1 |
|
| ||||||
| Acute pancreatitis | 0 | 0 | 4 | I (1) IIIa (3) |
3 | |
|
| ||||||
| Jaundice | 0 | 0 | 2 | II (1) IIIa (1) |
2 | |
|
| ||||||
| Collections | 2 | II (2) | 2 | 4 | I (2) II (1) IIIb (1) |
3 |
|
| ||||||
| Others | 6 | I (3) II (3) |
6 | 1 | IIIb (1) | 1 |
|
| ||||||
| Total | 41 | 44 | 40 | 32 | ||