Table 1. Sociodemographic and Clinical Characteristics.

	BD sample (n=33)		UD sample (n=33)		t-test or χ2 testa	HC sample (n=34)
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	P-value	Mean	SD
Sociodemographic characteristics
Age	38.12	12.55	38.48	12.08	0.91	38.59	12.28
Sex (m/f)	17/16		16/17		0.81	18/16
Total education time	14.76	2.06	14.18	1.83	0.23	14.85	2.20
Verbal IQ	111.58	16.10	111.55	11.76	0.99	118.71	11.53
Questionaires
BDI	24.85	8.60	27.88	9.29	0.17	1.88	2.51
HAMD	22.88	4.55	24.56	5.92	0.20	1.24	1.37
YMRS	2.45	2.43	1.56	1.66	0.09	0.29	0.68
SHAPS	4.35	4.03	6.26	4.05	0.07	0.52	1.23
STAI	57.56	10.75	60.94	9.10	0.18	30.47	6.20
Clinical characteristics
Duration of current episode (weeks)	14.09	13.20	23.76	29.31	0.09	NA
Number of depressive episodes	6.73	5.47	4.33	4.02	0.47	NA
Life-time cumulative duration of depressive states (months)	26.18	21.57	29.68	28.23	0.57	NA
Number of manic episodes	3.52	3.73	NA			NA
Life-time cumulative duration of manic states (months)	5.72	6.30	NA			NA
Time since onset of first depressive episode (months)	138.45	123.07	100.15	97.02	0.17	NA
Time since first inpatient treatment (months)	83.41	18.54	25.47	9.86	0.01	NA
Life-time cumulative duration of inpatient treatment (weeks)	26.12	41.40	8.21	10.64	0.02	NA
Medical characteristics
Medication Load Index	3.18	2.13	2.58	1.54	0.19	NA
Antidepressants
SSNRI	8		26		<0.01
SSRI	5		6		0.74
SNRI	1		0		0.31
Tricyclic antidepressants	2		3		0.64
MAO inhibitor	2		0		0.15
Agomelantine	1		7		0.02
Mood stabilizer	17		3		<0.01
Antipsychotics	24		14		<0.01
No medication	1		1		1
Monotherapy	8		15		0.07

Abbreviations: BD, bipolar-I disorder; BDI, Beck Depression Inventory; HAMD, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale; MAO, monoamine oxidase inhibitor; STAI, State Trait Anxiety Inventory; SSNRI, Selective Serotonin Noradrenaline Reuptake Inhibitor; SSRI, Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor, SNRI, Selective Noradrenaline Reuptake Inhibitor; UD, unipolar depressive disorder; YMRS, Young Mania Rating Scale.

^aThe t-tests and χ² tests refer to the comparison between UD and BD.