TABLE 2. Association of Clinical Signs With Severe Dehydration in Bivariate Analysis.

	Sensitivity	Specificity	PPV	NPV	LR+	LR−	Reliability	Chi-Square	P Value
Eyes							0.60	61.54	<.001
Sunken	0.94	0.13	0.12	0.95	1.08	0.46
Very sunken	0.47	0.87	0.31	0.93	3.55	0.61
General appearance							0.72	64.01	<.001
Restless/irritable	0.84	0.55	0.19	0.96	1.84	0.30
Lethargic/unconscious	0.62	0.77	0.25	0.94	2.69	0.49
Heart rate							0.47	10.28	.006
Fast	0.59	0.57	0.15	0.92	1.38	0.72
Very fast	0.02	0.99	0.33	0.89	4.04	0.98
Mucous membranes							0.42	18.79	<.001
Dry/sticky	0.88	0.34	0.14	0.96	1.35	0.34
Very dry	0.02	0.99	0.25	0.89	2.69	0.99
Radial pulse							0.60	40.77	<.001
Decreased	0.64	0.71	0.21	0.94	2.17	0.52
Weak	0.38	0.84	0.23	0.92	2.37	0.74
Respirations							0.58	35.08	<.001
Deep	0.61	0.69	0.20	0.94	2.00	0.56
Very deep	0.07	0.98	0.33	0.90	4.04	0.95
Skin pinch							0.71	69.18	<.001
Slow	0.85	0.53	0.18	0.97	1.79	0.29
Very slow	0.31	0.93	0.35	0.92	4.37	0.75
Tears							0.63	54.28	<.001
Decreased	0.85	0.52	0.18	0.96	1.75	0.30
Absent	0.29	0.92	0.30	0.91	3.43	0.78

Abbreviations: LR−, negative likelihood ratio; LR+, positive likelihood ratio; NPV, negative predictive value; PPV, positive predictive value.