TABLE. Expected Keyword Themes From sub-Saharan African Health Systems Publications Published Between 1990 and 2014, Based on Global Frameworks for Health Systems Development.

Health Systems Frameworks	Expected Keyword Themes	Related References
WHO Building Blocks (World Health Organization20)
1. Access to essential health technologies	Expanding health coverage	Kruk37
	The range of health care options: the development, provision, and evaluation of health technologies and access to technologies	Travis et al.,5 Fonn38
	Community health services: community health centers, community health worker, community health planning, community participation, community engagement	Freeman et al.39
	Quality assurance, quality management, quality indicators, quality improvement	Kinney et al.40
2. Availability of providers of health services	Manpower and personnel operations: the training, deployment, and management of service providers	Cometto, Campbell, & Sheikh41
3. Information resources for health service decision making	Health information management systems: the design, implementation, and use of information for decision making at critical levels of the system	Boerma et al.42
	Communication and knowledge management: interdisciplinary communication, dissemination, research utilization, organizational communication	Shakarishvili et al.43
4. Capabilities to provide equipment, facilities, and supplies for operations	Logistics systems: the implementation, evaluation, or reform of logistics, equipment procurement, facilities development, and commodity supply systems	Bornbusch & Bates44
5. Planning, budgeting, and financing operations	Financial planning and management: activities for planning, budgeting, and managing resources for sustaining services	Friberg et al.45
6. Provision for leadership and governance of the health care system	Leadership systems: operations for developing, implementing, and sustaining leadership and governance systems	Fiszbein, Ringold, & Rogers46
Cross-Cutting Research Themes
7. Systems research	Inter-building block themes, multilevel analysis, systems research, mixed qualitative and quantitative measurement, systems evaluation, operations research, implementation science	deSavigny & Adam47
	Experimental, quasi-experimental, and plausibility designs; evaluation methods	Remme et al.,48 Habicht et al.49
8. Organizational diagnosis	Bottlenecks, malaise, corruption, theft, mismanagement	Gilson & Mills50
Cross-Cutting Implementation Themes
9. Scaling-up organizational change	Scaling-up, decentralization, using innovation, restructuring	Simmons et al.,51 Yamey52
10. Adaptive systems: “open systems” indicators	Social organizational context: economic status, educational attainment, gender issues, family characteristics, family relationships, social organization	Shalley & Gilson,53 Gilson et al.3