Table 3.
Bivariate analysis of various clinical and hospital outcomes
| Medicationcontrol n (%) 72 (72.7) | Medicationinterv n (%) 27 (27.3) | Chemicalcontrol n (%) 48 (72.7) | Chemicalinterv n (%) 18 (27.3) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vital signsa | ||||
| Normal | 63 (87.5) | 20 (74.1) | 41 (85.4) | 16 (88.9) |
| Abnormal | 9 (12.5) | 7 (25.9) | 7 (14.6) | 2 (11.1) |
| F-exact, p = 0.196 | F-exact, p = 0.533 | |||
| Physical Examinationa | ||||
| Normal | 44 (61.1) | 18 (66.7) | 30 (62.5) | 4 (22.2) |
| Abnormal | 28 (38.9) | 9 (33.3) | 18 (37.5) | 14 (77.8) |
| χ2 = 0.259, p = 0.611 | χ2 = 8.503, p = 0.004* | |||
| Diagnostic testsa | ||||
| Normal | 56 (77.8) | 17 (63.0) | 36 (75.0) | 14 (77.8) |
| Abnormal | 16 (22.2) | 10 (37.0) | 12 (25.0) | 4 (22.2) |
| χ2 = 2.226, p = 0.136 | F-exact, p = 0.545 | |||
| Status post EDa | ||||
| Discharged | 59 (81.9) | 22 (81.5) | 42 (87.5) | 15 (83.3) |
| Admitted | 13 (18.1) | 5 (18.5) | 6 (12.5) | 3 (16.7) |
| F-exact, p = 0.583 | F-exact, p = 0.467 | |||
| M [IQR] | M [IQR] | M [IQR] | M [IQR] | |
| Length of stay** (hours) | 5 [2.7–7.5] | 9 [5.4–12.0] | 3 [2.0–6.8] | 4.5 [2.8–7.2] |
| U = 590 (Z = −3.01), p = 0.003* | U = 338 (Z = −1.35), p = 0.177 | |||
| Hospital costs** (USD) | 744 [667–861] | 813 [667–869] | 674 [667–816] | 707 [667–849] |
| U = 862 (Z = −0.89), p = 0.376 | U = 399 (Z = −0.50), p = 0.619 | |||
Abbreviation: USD US dollars, U Mann-Whitney test, Z Z-score, F-exact Fisher exact test, χ2 Pearson chi-square test, P p-value, M median, [IQR] inter-quartile range [25–75th percentile]
Note: *P-value: statistically significant at <0.05
**Not normally distributed (tested by Kolmogorov-Smirnov, p < 0.001)
aCategorical variable presented in number (percentage)