Figure 2.
Activation of endometrial epithelial cell signal transduction pathways and VEGF production in CG scaffolds response to exogenous E2. (A) Estrogen receptor (ERα) activation at 5 min exposure to E2-supplemented media. (B) ERK 1/2 phosphorylation following 5 min treatment with (0–1000 nM E2) or 3–10 min exposure at 10 nM E2. (C) VEGF production by epithelial cells was found to be E2 dose dependent. ^Significantly higher VEGF production over other treatments *Significantly higher VEGF production compared to control (0 nM E2).