Table 1.
Summary of baseline and clinical characteristics of the patients
| Parameters | All patients | IAH group | Non-IAH group | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 57) | (n = 45) | (n = 12) | ||
| Demographic factor | ||||
| Male, n (%) | 30 (52.6) | 21 (46.7) | 9 (75.0) | 0.081 |
| Age (y)⁎ | 68.7±13.7 | 68.6±14.1 | 69.0±12.5 | 0.929 |
| Predisposing conditions for IAH, n (%) | ||||
| Mechanical ventilation | 10 (17.5) | 8 (17.8) | 2 (16.7) | 0.928 |
| Liver dysfunction | 3 (5.3) | 2 (4.4) | 1 (8.3) | 0.592 |
| Positive fluid balance | 10 (17.5) | 10 (22.2) | 0 (0.0) | 0.072 |
| Ileus | 15 (26.3) | 12 (26.7) | 3 (25.0) | 0.790 |
| Acidosis | 6 (10.5) | 5 (11.1) | 1 (8.3) | 0.781 |
| Hypothermia | 5 (8.8) | 5 (11.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0.227 |
| Polytransfusion | 1 (1.8) | 1 (2.2) | 0 (0.0) | 0.602 |
| Coagulopathy | 12 (21.1) | 11 (24.4) | 1 (8.3) | 0.224 |
| Sepsis | 24 (42.1) | 21 (46.7) | 3 (25.0) | 0.177 |
| Shock | 27 (47.4) | 23 (51.1) | 4 (33.3) | 0.273 |
| RIFLE (failure), n (%) | 40 (70.2) | 31 (68.9) | 9 (75.0) | 0.681 |
| SAPS II score⁎ | 44.9±14.7 | 44.8±14.9 | 45.2±14.6 | 0.940 |
| Mean CVP for initial 3 d (mmHg)† | 9.7 (6.7–11.8) | 10.6 (7.0–18.4) | 8.5 (5.0–11.0) | 0.138 |
| Hb (g/dL)⁎ | 10.6±2.5 | 10.7±2.7 | 10.3±2.0 | 0.635 |
| Baseline Cr (mg/dL)† | 1.0 (0.9–1.7) | 0.9 (0.6–1.2) | 1.8 (1.3–4.2) | 0.044 |
| Urinary NGAL (ng/mL)† | 173.3 (65.6–557.7) | 210.2 (63.0–451.7) | 347.5 (198.6–682.6) | 0.314 |
| Urinary L-FABP (ng/mL)† | 19.1 (6.8–79.6) | 26.5 (1.6–51.3) | 20.7 (14.3–30.2) | 0.826 |
| Mean IAP (mmHg)⁎ | 22.8±9.6 | 25.6±8.4 | 12.2±5.6 | <0.001 |
| IAP (mmHg), Day 1 (on admission)⁎ | 24.1±10.7 | 26.3±9.7 | 15.7±11.0 | 0.002 |
| IAP (mmHg), Day 2⁎ | 22.2±9.9 | 25.2±9.6 | 9.9±5.2 | <0.001 |
| IAP (mmHg), Day 3⁎ | 21.7±11.4 | 25.2±9.6 | 8.1±6.4 | <0.001 |
| IAP: downtrend, n (%) | 24 (42.1) | 17 (37.8) | 7 (58.3) | 0.200 |
| IAP: fluctuation + uptrend, n (%) | 33 (57.9) | 28 (62.2) | 5 (41.7) | |
| Clinical course | ||||
| RRT, n (%) | 26 (45.6) | 19 (42.2) | 7 (58.3) | 0.319 |
| Renal recovery on Day 7, n (%) | 23 (40.4) | 20 (44.4) | 3 (25.0) | 0.223 |
| ICU length of stay (d)† | 6.0 (3.0–11.0) | 5.5 (3.0–9.0) | 5.0 (2.5–8.0) | 0.479 |
| Length of hospital stay (d)† | 15.0 (9.0–27.0) | 13.0 (8.0–18.0) | 14.0 (13.5–16.5) | 0.638 |
| In-hospital mortality, n (%) | 12 (21.1) | 10 (22.2) | 2 (16.7) | 0.675 |
Cr, creatinine; CVP, central venous pressure; Hb, hemoglobin; IAH, intra-abdominal hypertension; IAP, intra-abdominal pressure; ICU, intensive care unit; L-FABP, liver-type fatty acid binding protein; NGAL, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin; RIFLE, risk–injury–failure–loss–end-stage kidney disease; RRT, renal replacement therapy; SAPS, simplified acute physiology score.
⁎
Mean ± SD.
†
Median (interquartile range).