Table 1.

Patient characteristics at the time of injury by injury group

Characteristics	TBI N=1470	Hip Fracture N=2527	Major Torso N=625	P value
Mean age at injury, years	83.3±7.4	85.0±6.8	82.1±7.2	<0.001
Race
White	1345(91.5)	2397(94.9)	561(89.8)	<0.001
Black	49(3.3)	58(2.3)	42(6.7)
Other	76(5.2)	72(2.9)	22(3.5)
Sex, female	1000(68.0)	1974(78.1)	271(43.4)	<0.001
Comorbid conditions-possible indications
Valvular heart disease/valve replacement a	201(13.7)	313(12.4)	90(14.4)	0.289
Atrial flutter a	78(5.3)	131(5.2)	51(8.2)	0.012
Heart failure	983(66.9)	1674(66.2)	445(71.2)	0.060
Stroke or TIA	347(23.6)	422(16.7)	131(21.0)	<0.001
Comorbid conditions-possible contraindications
Chronic liver disease a	60(4.1)	78(3.1)	29(4.6)	0.089
Chronic kidney disease	433(29.5)	720(28.5)	236(37.8)	<0.001
Coagulation defect a	79(5.4)	90(3.6)	24(3.8)	0.020
Alcohol abuse a	32(2.2)	29(1.2)	10(1.6)	0.038
Counts of other CCW chronic conditions b	2.6±1.5	2.6±1.5	2.6±1.5	0.825
In-hospital mortality	157(10.7)	99(3.9)	35(5.6)	<0.001

Note:

1. Abbreviations: TIA, transient ischemic attack; TBI, traumatic brain injury; CCW: Chronic Conditions Data Warehouse
2. P value obtained from analysis of variance (ANOVA) test (continuous variable) or Chi-square test (categorical variable), by comparing three injury groups with respect to patient characteristics.
3. ^a Disease conditions not defined by CCW, ICD codes provided in appendix
4. ^b We counted the total number of several other comobid conditions defined by CCW (maximum=9) to represent general chronic disease burden:
   1. Alzheimer disease, and related disorders
   2. Cataract
   3. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
   4. Diabetes
   5. Glaucoma
   6. Depression
   7. Osteoporosis
   8. Rheumatoid arthritis
   9. Occurrence of any type of cancer listed(Endometrial cancer, female breast cancer, colorectal cancer, lung cancer, or prostate cancer)