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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2015 Apr 30;45(2):220–228. doi: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2015.04.014

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Disease sequelae of inflammation leading to osteopenia. The number in the pink middle area of 250 mmol represents the accessible amount of calcium provided from the bone (27). Abbreviations: CID-anemia; inflammation-related anemia of chronic inflammatory diseases; HPG axis, hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis; HPA axis; hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis; HPS axis, hypothalamic-pituitary-somatic axis (growth hormone, IGF-1); IGF-1, insulin-like growth factor 1; PSNS, parasympathetic nervous system; PTH, parathyroid hormone; PTHrP, PTH-related peptide; RES, reticuloendothelial system; SNS, sympathetic nervous system.