Table 1.

Items and response choices for communication and perceived discrimination.

Question	Response choices	Domainb
During a prenatal visit in your recent pregnancy, did you ever hold back from asking questions or discussing your concerns because…
Your maternity care provider seemed rushed	No, never; Yes, once; Yes, more than once	Reluctance to ask questions
You wanted maternity care that differed from what your maternity care provider recommended	No, never; Yes, once; Yes, more than once	Reluctance to ask questions
You thought that your maternity care provider might think you were being difficult	No, never; Yes, once; Yes, more than once	Reluctance to ask questions
During your pregnancy, how often did you maternity care provider…
Use medical words you did not understand	Never; Sometimes; Usually; Always	None
aSpend enough time with you	Never; Sometimes; Usually; Always	Barriers to open discussion
aAnswer all your questions to your satisfaction	Never; Sometimes; Usually; Always	Barriers to open discussion
aEncourage you to talk about all your health questions or concerns	Never; Sometimes; Usually; Always	Barriers to open discussion
During your hospital stay when you had your baby, how often were you treated poorly because of…
Your race, ethnicity, cultural background or language	Never; Sometimes; Usually; Always	Perceived discrimination
Your health insurance situation	Never; Sometimes; Usually; Always	Perceived discrimination
A difference of opinion with your caregivers about the right care for yourself or your baby	Never; Sometimes; Usually; Always	Perceived discrimination

^aCoding was reversed for this item.

^bDomains were empirically identified using factor analysis.