Table 1.
Characteristics at enrollmenta of participants randomly selected from the Shanghai Women's and Shanghai Men's Health Studies [values are numbers (percentages)].
| Characteristic | Total (n = 100) | Women (n = 50) | Men (n = 50) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age at enrollment | |||
| 40-49 | 40 (40) | 27 (54) | 13 (26) |
| 50-59 | 33 (33) | 13 (26) | 20 (40) |
| 60-72 | 27 (27) | 10 (20) | 17 (34) |
| Highest educational level attained | |||
| Elementary school or no formal education | 16 (16) | 11 (22) | 5 (10) |
| Middle school | 38 (38) | 19 (38) | 19 (38) |
| High school | 30 (30) | 13 (26) | 17 (34) |
| Technical school/college or above | 16 (16) | 7 (14) | 9 (18) |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) at enrollment | |||
| <20 | 6 (6) | 4 (8) | 2 (4) |
| 20-24.99 | 55 (55) | 25 (50) | 30 (60) |
| 25-29.99 | 34 (34) | 17 (34) | 17 (34) |
| ≥30 | 5 (5) | 4 (8) | 1 (2) |
| Menopausal status | |||
| Premenopausal | 26 (52) | ||
| Postmenopausal | 23 (46) | ||
| Unknown | 1 (2) | ||
| Cigarette smoking status | |||
| Current | 33 (33) | 2 (4) | 31 (62) |
| Former | 4 (4) | 0 (0) | 4 (8) |
| Never | 63 (63) | 48 (96) | 15 (30) |
| Number of cigarettes smoked per day (among current smokers) | |||
| 1-6 | 3 (9) | 2 (100) | 1 (3) |
| 7-12 | 11 (33) | 0 (0) | 11 (35) |
| 13+ | 19 (58) | 0 (0) | 19 (61) |
| Family income in previous yearb | |||
| “Low” | 65 (65) | 30 (60) | 35 (70) |
| “High” | 35 (35) | 20 (40) | 15 (30) |
| Usual source of drinking waterc | |||
| Tap water only | 33 (66) | ||
| Tap water and bottled water | 17 (34) | ||
| Any medicine taken in past 24 hours | |||
| Yes | 59 (59) | 28 (56) | 31 (62) |
| No | 41 (41) | 22 (44) | 19 (38) |
| Time of day of collection for first urine sample | |||
| 7:00am – 8:59am | 4 (4) | 3 (6) | 1 (2) |
| 9:00am – 11:59am | 29 (29) | 12 (24) | 17 (34) |
| 12:00pm – 2:59pm | 12 (12) | 6 (12) | 6 (12) |
| 3:00pm – 7:59pm | 55 (55) | 29 (58) | 26 (52) |
| Time of day of collection for second urine sample | |||
| 6:00am – 8:59am | 71 (71) | 38 (76) | 33 (66) |
| 9:00am – 11:59am | 23 (23) | 8 (16) | 15 (30) |
| 12:00pm – 2:59pm | 4 (4) | 2 (4) | 2 (4) |
| 3:00pm – 5:59pm | 2 (2) | 2 (4) | 0 (0) |
| Time of day of collection for third urine sample | |||
| 6:00am – 8:59am | 66 (66) | 32 (64) | 34 (68) |
| 9:00am – 11:59am | 31 (31) | 17 (34) | 14 (28) |
| 12:00pm – 2:59pm | 2 (2) | 0 (0) | 2 (4) |
| 3:00pm – 5:59pm | 1 (1) | 1 (2) | 0 (0) |
a
Enrollment was in 1997-2000 for women and in 2002-2006 for men.
b
“Low” and “high” annual income were defined using cutpoints of 20,000 yuan for women and 12,000 yuan for men, which represent the approximate medians reported by each sex.
c
This information was collected from women only.