Table 2.
Presentation, endovascular management and outcomes of a delayed post-pancreatectomy haemorrhage
| Variable | n (%) |
|---|---|
| Presentation of bleed | |
| Gastrointestinal bleed | 20 (48) |
| Blood in drain | 13 (31) |
| Both intraluminal/extraluminal | 5 (12) |
| Imaging | 4 (10) |
| Embolization | 27 (64) |
| Stent | 14 (33) |
| Balloon | 1 (2) |
| Involved vessel | |
| CHA/GDA | 18 (43) |
| 10 coils (3 recurrent bleed, 1 liver abscess) | |
| 8 stent (2 recurrent bleed, 1 liver abscess) | |
| SMA/IPD | 14 (33) |
| 8 coils | |
| 5 stents (2 recurrent bleed) | |
| 1 balloon | |
| Other | 10 (24) |
| Aberrant arterial anatomy | 13 (41) |
| PRBC units transfused | 5 (1–25) range |
| Higher level of care | 21 (65) |
| Recurrent bleed | 7 (21) |
| Recurrent pseudoaneurysm (CHA, SMA, rRHA) | 3 |
| Rebleed from coiled vessel (GDAx2, rRHA) | 2 |
| Blocked CHA stent | 1 |
| Endoleak from SMA stent | 1 |
| Recurrent bleed interval | 10 (2–152) days |
| Hepatic abscess | 2 (6) |
| In-hospital mortality | 4 (13) |
| Concomitant endoscopy | 11 (34) |
| Intraluminal blood | 9 |
| Reoperation | 11 (34) |
| For bleeding | 2(6) |
| Total number of interventional procedures (mean) | 7.7 |
| Length of stay (days) | 35 (10–119) |
CHA, common hepatic artery; rRHA, replaced right hepatic artery; GDA, gastroduodenal artery; SMA, superior mesenteric artery; IPD, inferior pancreatoduodenal artery; PRBC, packed red blood cells.