Table 2: Comorbidities in patients given sitagliptin or an alternative hypoglycemic agent, before and after propensity weighting.
| Comorbidities* | No. (%) of patients† |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Before weighting |
After weighting‡ |
|||||||||
| Sitagliptin n = 57 689 |
Alternative hypoglycemic agent n = 83 405 |
Standardized difference, %§ | Sitagliptin n = 57 689 |
Alternative hypoglycemic agent n = 55 705 |
Standardized difference, %§ | |||||
| Gallstones/biliary stones |
2 163 |
(3.75) |
3 152 |
(3.78) |
0 |
2 163 |
(3.75) |
2 059 |
(3.70) |
0 |
| Calcium disorder |
123 |
(0.21) |
273 |
(0.33) |
2 |
123 |
(0.21) |
154 |
(0.28) |
1 |
| Alcoholism |
240 |
(0.42) |
659 |
(0.79) |
5 |
240 |
(0.42) |
338 |
(0.61) |
3 |
| Tobacco use |
3 128 |
(5.42) |
4 662 |
(5.59) |
1 |
3 128 |
(5.42) |
3 222 |
(5.78) |
2 |
| Pancreatic neoplasm |
101 |
(0.18) |
250 |
(0.30) |
3 |
101 |
(0.18) |
178 |
(0.32) |
3 |
| Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography |
281 |
(0.49) |
561 |
(0.67) |
2 |
281 |
(0.49) |
334 |
(0.60) |
2 |
| Chronic kidney disease¶ |
6 069 |
(10.52) |
10 321 |
(12.37) |
6 |
6 069 |
(10.52) |
6 714 |
(12.05) |
5 |
| Bile duct neoplasm |
118 |
(0.20) |
272 |
(0.33) |
2 |
118 |
(0.20) |
158 |
(0.28) |
2 |
| HIV |
50 |
(0.09) |
67 |
(0.08) |
0 |
50 |
(0.09) |
33 |
(0.06) |
1 |
| Systemic lupus erythematosus |
739 |
(1.28) |
1 107 |
(1.33) |
0 |
739 |
(1.28) |
659 |
(1.18) |
1 |
| Polyarteritis nodosa |
216 |
(0.37) |
429 |
(0.51) |
2 |
216 |
(0.37) |
248 |
(0.45) |
1 |
| Celiac disease |
78 |
(0.14) |
158 |
(0.19) |
1 |
78 |
(0.14) |
103 |
(0.18) |
1 |
| Obesity |
4 219 |
(7.31) |
5 468 |
(6.56) |
3 |
4 219 |
(7.31) |
3 696 |
(6.63) |
3 |
| Charlson comorbidity index** |
||||||||||
| Mean |
1.13 |
1.22 |
5 |
1.13 |
1.23 |
7 |
||||
| 0–1 |
40 624 |
(70.42) |
57 156 |
(68.53) |
4 |
40 624 |
(70.42) |
37 816 |
(67.89) |
5 |
| 2 |
7 861 |
(13.63) |
10 430 |
(12.51) |
3 |
7 861 |
(13.63) |
8 053 |
(14.46) |
2 |
| > 3 |
9 204 |
(15.95) |
15 819 |
(18.97) |
8 |
9 204 |
(15.95) |
9 836 |
(17.66) |
5 |
| Diabetic retinopathy |
636 |
(1.10) |
842 |
(1.01) |
1 |
636 |
(1.10) |
783 |
(1.41) |
3 |
| Diabetic neuropathy |
576 |
(1.00) |
843 |
(1.01) |
0 |
576 |
(1.00) |
597 |
(1.07) |
1 |
| Peripheral vascular disease |
679 |
(1.18) |
1 259 |
(1.51) |
3 |
679 |
(1.18) |
740 |
(1.33) |
1 |
| Heart failure |
6 606 |
(11.45) |
11 932 |
(14.31) |
9 |
6 606 |
(11.45) |
7 068 |
(12.69) |
4 |
| Coronary artery bypass graft |
1 766 |
(3.06) |
2 553 |
(3.06) |
0 |
1 766 |
(3.06) |
1 781 |
(3.20) |
1 |
| Hypertension |
49 934 |
(86.56) |
64 828 |
(77.73) |
23 |
49 934 |
(86.56) |
48 277 |
(86.67) |
0 |
| Coronary artery disease |
16 299 |
(28.25) |
23 740 |
(28.46) |
0 |
16 299 |
(28.25) |
16 144 |
(28.98) |
2 |
| Myocardial infarction |
1 243 |
(2.15) |
2 479 |
(2.97) |
5 |
1 243 |
(2.15) |
1 381 |
(2.48) |
2 |
| Stroke/transient ischemic attack |
1 377 |
(2.39) |
3 011 |
(3.61) |
7 |
1 377 |
(2.39) |
1 535 |
(2.76) |
2 |
| Dialysis |
1 251 |
(2.17) |
2 992 |
(3.59) |
8 |
1 251 |
(2.17) |
1 545 |
(2.77) |
4 |
| Renal transplant |
30 |
(0.05) |
118 |
(0.14) |
3 |
30 |
(0.05) |
62 |
(0.11) |
2 |
| Hypoglycemia |
770 |
(1.33) |
1 354 |
(1.62) |
2 |
770 |
(1.33) |
818 |
(1.47) |
1 |
| Acute or chronic pancreatitis |
216 |
(0.37) |
467 |
(0.56) |
3 |
216 |
(0.37) |
267 |
(0.48) |
2 |
| Hyperglycemic emergency | 117 | (0.20) | 245 | (0.29) | 2 | 117 | (0.20) | 162 | (0.29) | 2 |
*Comorbidities were assessed by administrative database codes in the previous 5 years. †Unless stated otherwise. ‡All patients identified before weighting were included in the analyses. The number of patients indicated represents a weighted total. §Standardized differences are less sensitive to sample size than traditional hypothesis tests. They provide a measure of the difference between groups divided by the pooled standard deviation; a value greater than 10% is interpreted as a meaningful difference between the groups. ¶We identified individuals with chronic kidney disease using a validated algorithm of diagnosis and physician claim codes. In Ontario, this algorithm identifies patients with a median estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 38 mL/min per 1.73 m2 (interquartile range 27 to 52). Its absence identifies patients with a median eGFR of 69 mL/min per 1.73 m2 (interquartile range 56 to 82). See Fleet et al.25 **Charlson comorbidity index was calculated using 5 years of hospital admission data. “No hospital admissions” received a score of 0. See Charlson et al.26