Table 7.

QTL of grain shape identified by grain area (GA) in the four environments QTL

QTLa	Chr.	Left marker	Right marker	Guilin (24.18°N, 109.45°E)				Guiyang (26.35°N, 106.42°E)				Nanchang (28.38°N, 116.24°E)				Nanjing (31.95°N, 119.16°E)
				Pos.b	LODc	PVE (%)d	Adde	Pos.b	LODc	PVE (%)d	Adde	Pos.b	LODc	PVE (%)d	Adde	Pos.b	LODc	PVE (%)d	Adde
qGA2-1	2	RM211	RM71	19	1.72	6.93	−0.44	11	0.77	1.69	−0.21	13	0.83	2.95	−0.28	14	3.97	18.97	−0.70
qGA2-2	2	RM6	RM425	140	7.61	12.09	−0.58	139	6.23	7.61	−0.45	141	6.95	10.97	−0.53	140	1.45	2.76	−0.27
qGA3-1	3	RM411	RM7097	111	8.59	15.21	0.66	111	17.31	26.36	0.84	114	12.33	27.15	0.84	112	12.14	30.37	0.89
qGA3-2	3	RM8269	RM448	177	8.31	19.22	−0.74	183	2.52	5.43	−0.38	184	6.41	17.76	−0.68	163	4.56	7.39	−0.44
qGA5	5	RM267	RM405	15	8.28	10.89	−0.55	15	11.69	12.44	−0.58	15	8.36	11.90	−0.56	15	5.20	8.58	−0.47
qGA6-1	6	RM528	RM340	93	0.66	0.83	−0.16	95	6.16	7.50	−0.46	93	0.66	0.90	−0.16	93	0.35	0.56	−0.12
qGA6-2	6	RM439	RM412	112	1.15	1.37	0.20	112	7.54	7.76	0.46	112	1.12	1.45	0.20	112	0.91	1.44	0.19
qGA7	7	RM505	RM234	83	3.77	4.98	0.38	82	5.32	5.73	0.39	82	3.54	5.16	0.37	82	2.48	4.10	0.33
qGA8	8	RM502	RM6948	92	6.81	9.48	0.52	93	6.09	6.59	0.42	94	2.07	2.87	0.27	93	2.23	3.67	0.31
qGA10	10	RM333	RM590	68	1.65	1.96	−0.24	68	2.90	3.02	−0.29	68	0.91	1.17	−0.17	68	1.12	1.73	−0.21

^aA peak in a marker interval along the LOD profile was treated as a QTL, if there is at least one environment with the peak value higher than the LOD threshold

^bChromosomal position (cM) of the peak

^cThe number in bold was the value of a peak higher than the threshold value in the LOD profile

^dPercentage of the phenotypic variation explained by the locus at the peak position on the LOD profile

^eAdditive effect of the identified QTL. Positive additive effect indicated the allele from IR24 increased grain area, and the allele from Asominori decreased grain area. Negative additive effect indicated the allele from IR24 decreased grain area, and the allele from Asominori increased grain area