Table 3.
The window for the radioprotective effect of indralin, mexamine and cystamine administrated by various routes to small and large animals 5 min before LD90–100/30 and >1 Gy/min γ-irradiation [66]
| Radioprotectors | Animal species | Administration | n | ED50/30 (mg/kg) | Therapeutic index |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indralin | mice | IP | 480 | 17.4 (13.5–22.4) | 19.3 (14.0–25.1) |
| IM | 240 | 21.9 (16.2–29.4) | 23.7 (15.3–36.5) | ||
| PO | 180 | 14.8 (12.4–17.6) | 59.6 (41.4–85.9) | ||
| rats | IP | 210 | 32.1 (25.8–38.5) | 8.4 (6.3–11.3) | |
| IM | 310 | 61.5 (39.2–96.6) | 16.9 (9.6–29.8) | ||
| PO | 110 | 70.0 | 18.2 | ||
| hamsters | IM | 522 | 50.7 (42.9–59.8) | 17.8 (14.8–24.1) | |
| PO | 90 | 124.4 (95.7–161.8) | 8.9 (5.5–14.5) | ||
| guinea pigs | IM | 35 | 28.8 (17.0–49.0) | 25.6 (13.7–47.4) | |
| dogs | IM | 96 | 6.0 (4.3–8.3) | 31.1 (20.6–47.3) | |
| Mexamine | mice | PO | 78 | 23.2 (20.7–25.9) | 23.7 |
| IP | 320 | 4.1 (3.0–5.5) | 53.9 (43.5–60.8) | ||
| rats | IP | 90 | 5.7 (4.3–7.6) | 23.6 (14.1–37.9) | |
| dogs | IM | 20 | 30.0 < ED50 | No | |
| Cystamine | mice | IP | 400 | 87.5 (77.0–98.0) | 3.3 (2.8–3.7) |
| rats | IP | 100 | 57.7 (45.1–73.9) | 2.1 (1.6–2.8) | |
| dogs | IV | 35 | 60.0 | 1.2 |
Data shown are the means and confidence limits for the means interval 95%. PO = oral administration, IV = intravenous injection.