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Published in final edited form as: Urol Oncol. 2010 Oct 2;30(5):635–645. doi: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2010.06.011

Imaging of tumor xenografts with PLZ4. (A) Imaging. Mouse tumor xenografts were established with the freshly resected bladder cancer specimens from human patients. PLZ4-biotin was linked to SA-Cy5.5 through the strong interaction of biotin and SA. PLZ4-Cy5.5 (7 nmol) was injected through tail vein. (A) Near infrared imaging. (Panel a) In vivo imaging of a control mouse that received SA-Cy5.5 alone. (Panel b) In vivo imaging of a mouse that received PLZ4-Cy5.5. The red arrow points to the tumor xenograft with strong uptake of Cy5.5. (Panel c) Ex vivo imaging of the xenograft and organs from the mouse in panel a that received SA-Cy5.5, showing uptake in kidneys and weak autofluorescence in tumor xenograft. (Panel d) Ex vivo imaging of the xenograft and organs from the mouse in panel b that received PLZ4-Cy5.5, showing fluorescence in tumor xenograft and kidneys. (Panels e and f) Light imaging of panels c and d, respectively. Fluorescence intensity is shown in arbitrary units at the bottom. (B) Quantitative analysis of fluorescence uptake of the mice received PLZ4-Cy5.5. The fluorescence uptake in tumor was compared with kidney and liver (2 normal organs with the highest fluorescence). As in the mice that received SA-Cy5.5, kidneys had high fluorescence uptake. But the fluorescence in tumor xenografts was 15.3 times that of liver (P < 0.001). When analysis was performed with the ex vivo imaging, the absorbance of near-infrared fluorescence was eliminated, and the fluorescence intensity of tumor xenografts is weaker than that of kidneys, but still 5.3 times that of liver (P < 0.001). (C) Comparison of fluorescence uptake in tumor xenografts between mice that received PLZ4-Cy5.5 and mice that received SA-Cy5.5. To compare the fluorescence uptake, the fluorescence in the same amount of tumor was normalized by the fluorescence in kidney of the same mice. The uptake of tumor xenografts from mice that received PLZ4-Cy5.5 was much higher than the uptake of xenografts from the control mice (3.2 times and P = 0.004 for in vivo imaging; 2.4 times and P =0.03 for ex vivo imaging).

Imaging of tumor xenografts with PLZ4. (A) Imaging. Mouse tumor xenografts were established with the freshly resected bladder cancer specimens from human patients. PLZ4-biotin was linked to SA-Cy5.5 through the strong interaction of biotin and SA. PLZ4-Cy5.5 (7 nmol) was injected through tail vein. (A) Near infrared imaging. (Panel a) In vivo imaging of a control mouse that received SA-Cy5.5 alone. (Panel b) In vivo imaging of a mouse that received PLZ4-Cy5.5. The red arrow points to the tumor xenograft with strong uptake of Cy5.5. (Panel c) Ex vivo imaging of the xenograft and organs from the mouse in panel a that received SA-Cy5.5, showing uptake in kidneys and weak autofluorescence in tumor xenograft. (Panel d) Ex vivo imaging of the xenograft and organs from the mouse in panel b that received PLZ4-Cy5.5, showing fluorescence in tumor xenograft and kidneys. (Panels e and f) Light imaging of panels c and d, respectively. Fluorescence intensity is shown in arbitrary units at the bottom. (B) Quantitative analysis of fluorescence uptake of the mice received PLZ4-Cy5.5. The fluorescence uptake in tumor was compared with kidney and liver (2 normal organs with the highest fluorescence). As in the mice that received SA-Cy5.5, kidneys had high fluorescence uptake. But the fluorescence in tumor xenografts was 15.3 times that of liver (P < 0.001). When analysis was performed with the ex vivo imaging, the absorbance of near-infrared fluorescence was eliminated, and the fluorescence intensity of tumor xenografts is weaker than that of kidneys, but still 5.3 times that of liver (P < 0.001). (C) Comparison of fluorescence uptake in tumor xenografts between mice that received PLZ4-Cy5.5 and mice that received SA-Cy5.5. To compare the fluorescence uptake, the fluorescence in the same amount of tumor was normalized by the fluorescence in kidney of the same mice. The uptake of tumor xenografts from mice that received PLZ4-Cy5.5 was much higher than the uptake of xenografts from the control mice (3.2 times and P = 0.004 for in vivo imaging; 2.4 times and P =0.03 for ex vivo imaging).