Table 1.

Demographic and lifestyle factors^a by pregnancy outcome.

Study Subject Characteristics	Spontaneous Abortion <20 weeks gestation n=775 (10.4%)		Live Birth n=6707 (89.6%)
Maternal pre-pregnancy BMIb	25.3, 16.1–50.0 (5.7)		24.3, 15.0 – 50.0 (4.9)
Mean, range, (SD)
Maternal Age	39.5, 30–51 (3.8)		36.4, 29–50 (3.4)
Mean, range, (SD)
	n	%	n	%
Maternal age category
<=30	6	0.8	175	2.6
31–35	112	14.5	2,609	38.9
36–40 (referent)	344	44.4	3,113	46.4
41+	313	40.4	810	12.1
Race
African Americanc	5	0.4	42	0.7
Asian	12	1.1	119	1.9
Caucasian	719	92.5	6,229	92.8
Hispanic	11	1.3	101	1.5
Other	15	2.2	100	1.5
Missing	13	2.5	116	1.7
Parous	535	68.2	5,698	84.6
Previous spontaneous abortion	394	44.9	2,296	34.9
First Trimester Lifestyle Factors
Caffeinated coffee servingsd
None (reference)	412	55.1	4,151	61.6
<=1 cup per day	232	28.8	1,874	28.1
>=2 cups per day	130	15.8	676	10.2
Missing	1	0.4	6	0.1
Caffeinated soda/tea servingsd
None (reference)	379	45.7	3,191	47.9
<=1 serving per day	284	38.4	2,781	41.2
>=2 servings per day	112	15.9	720	10.7
Missing	0	0.0	15	0.2
Alcoholic beverage servingsd
None (reference)	584	76.8	5,459	81.2
<1 drink per week	120	14.8	926	13.9
>=1 drink per week	70	8.3	315	4.8
Missing	1	0.1	7	0.1
Smoked cigarettes per day
None (reference)	710	92.2	6,316	94.2
>=1 cigarette per day	65	7.6	389	5.8
Missing	0	0.0	2	0.0

^aPercentages for all variables except maternal age are directly standardized by year of age at current pregnancy

^bBody Mass Index (kg/m²) recorded on the most recent questionnaire prior to the current pregnancy

^c101 participants were missing data on race.

^dServings of caffeinated/alcoholic beverages = 8 oz coffee, 12 oz soda, 8 oz hot tea, 16 oz iced tea, 12 oz beer, 6 oz wine, 1 oz liquor