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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Sep 17.
Published in final edited form as: Laryngoscope. 2012 Aug 22;122(10):2184–2192. doi: 10.1002/lary.23369

Table 2.

Task times and Measured Margins for the ex-vivo TORS procedure training module (module 3 at week 1). Note the high separation of task times, as well as low deep margins for trainees. The peripheral margin is the average of the four measured surface margins.

Task Time (sec) Excised Margin
(mm)

M1 M2 M3 M4 Peripheral Deep
Expert 1 362.4 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 2.0
Expert 2 5.0 10.0 7.0 5.0 6.8 15.0
Expert 3 201.7 5.0 10.0 7.0 6.0 7.0 10.0
Expert 4 252.7 2.0 6.0 4.0 3.0 3.8 3.0

Average 272.3 4.3 7.8 5.8 4.8 5.6 7.5
Stdev 113.7 1.5 2.63 1.5 1.26 1.53 6.14

Trainee 1 791.3 5.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 8.8 2.0
Trainee 2 171.9 5.0 7.0 5.0 17.0 8.5 3.0
Trainee 3 1190.7 5.0 10.0 7.0 15.0 9.3 3.0
Trainee 4 5.0 10.0 7.0 5.0 6.8 3.0
Trainee 5 958.4 4.0 5.0 5.0 10.0 6.0 4.0
Trainee 6 919.1 7.0 8.0 7.0 10.0 8.0 3.5
Trainee 7 336.2 9.0 5.0 8.0 4.0 6.5 3.5
Trainee 8 372.8 5.0 4.0 4.0 9.0 5.5 4.0

Average 677.2 4.25 7.75 5.75 4.75 7.4 3.3
Stdev. 382.7 1.50 2.63 1.50 1.26 1.39 0.65