Table 4.

The customized Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skill (OSATS) [20] global rating scale.

Measure	1	3	5
Respect for tissue	Used unnecessary force, caused damage.	Careful handling but occasional minor mistakes.	Consistent handling, with minimal damage
Time and motion	Many unnecessary moves, jerks, and pauses.	Efficient time and motion, but some unneeded or out of view moves	Efficient movement with no mistakes
Instrument handling	Awkward pose or tentative moves.	Competent use, but a few occasional awkward moves	Fluid movement with good instrument pose.
Knowledge of instruments	Used wrong or inappropriate instrument.	Knew the names and used appropriate instruments.	Obviously familiar with the instruments.
Use of assistants	No use or poor use of assistants.	Occasional delay or lack of use of assistants.	Used assistants to best advantage.
Flow of operation	Frequent pauses, shows lack of forward planning.	Demonstrated ability for forward planning, occasional pause.	Demonstrated planned operation without pauses
Knowledge of procedure	Deficient knowledge of protocol or procedure	Knew all important aspects of the operation, occasional instruction.	Demonstrated knowledge of all aspects